Gambar:Galilean transform of world line.gif

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Galilean_transform_of_world_line.gif(200 × 200 piksel, ukuran koropak: 134 KB, tipeu MIME: image/gif, nguriling, 100 bingkéy)

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English: Changing views of spacetime along the world line of a slowly accelerating observer

In this animation, the vertical direction indicates time and the horizontal direction indicates distance, the dashed line is the spacetime trajectory ("world line") of the observer. The lower half of the diagram shows the events that are "earlier" than the observer, and the upper half shows events that are "later" than the observer. The small dots are arbitrary events in spacetime.

The slope of the world line (deviation from being vertical) gives the relative velocity to the observer. Note how the view of spacetime changes when the observer accelerates.

Compare Image:Lorentz transform of world line.gif, which depicts the situation for rapid acceleration according to special relativity.
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Source code
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Source of program used to generate image:
//GPL
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>

#define PI 3.141592653589793238462

#define SX 200
#define SY 200
#define PL 100
#define DN 2000

unsigned char img[SX][SY];

double path[PL+1][2], dots[DN][2];

void dodot(int x, int y, double f) {
  if(x<0||x>=SX||y<0||y>=SY) return;
  img[y][x]*=f;
}

void dospot(int x, int y) {
  dodot(x, y, .5);
  dodot(x+1, y, .75);
  dodot(x-1, y, .75);
  dodot(x, y+1, .75);
  dodot(x, y-1, .75);
}

void dobigspot(int x, int y) {
  int a, b;
  for(b=-3;b<=3;++b) for(a=-3;a<=3;++a) if(a*a+b*b<=9) dodot(x+a, y+b, (a*a+b*b)/10.);
}

void dospotd(double t, double x) {
  dospot((x+1)*(SX/2.), (-t+1)*(SY/2.));
}

void dosmallspotd(double t, double x) {
  dodot((x+1)*(SX/2.), (-t+1)*(SY/2.), .25);
}

void dobigspotd(double t, double x) {
  dobigspot((x+1)*(SX/2.), (-t+1)*(SY/2.));
}

int main() {
  char fn[100];
  int n, x, y, t, i, w;
  double a, b, da, db, ta, tb;
  FILE *f;
  path[0][0]=path[0][1]=0;
  for(t=0;t<=PL;++t) path[t][1]=0;
  for(n=1;n<10;++n) {
    a=rand()%20000/10000.-1; a/=n*n*n*n/200.; b=rand()%20000*(PI/10000);
    for(t=0;t<=PL;++t) {
      path[t][1]+=a*sin((2*PI/PL)*n*t+b);
    }
  }
  for(t=PL;t>=0;--t) path[t][1]-=path[0][1];
  path[0][0]=0;
  for(t=1;t<=PL;++t) {
    a=path[t][1]-path[t-1][1];
    path[t][0]=path[t-1][0]+ 1 /* sqrt(1+a*a) */ ;
  }
  for(t=0;t<DN;++t) {
    a=rand()%20000/10000.-1; b=rand()%20000/10000.-1;
    dots[t][0]=a*path[PL][0]/2; dots[t][1]=b*1000;
  }
  for(n=0;n<100;++n) {
    i=PL*n/100;
    a=path[i+1][0]-(da=path[i][0]); b=(db=path[i][1])-path[i+1][1];  /* a = 1, this is a galilean transform */
    ta=path[PL][0]; tb=path[PL][1];
    a/=50.; b/=50.;
    for(y=0;y<SY;++y) for(x=0;x<SX;++x) img[y][x]=255;
    /*for(y=0;y<SY;++y) img[y][y*SX/SY]*=.5;
    for(y=0;y<SY;++y) img[y][(SY-y-1)*SX/SY]*=.5;*/
    for(x=0;x<SX;++x) img[SY/2][x]*=.5;
    for(w=-20;w<=20;++w)
      for(t=0;t<PL;++t) dospotd(a*(path[t][0]-da-w*ta) /* +b*(path[t][1]-db-w*tb) */,
                                b*(path[t][0]-da-w*ta)    +a*(path[t][1]-db-w*tb));
    for(w=-20;w<=20;++w)
      for(t=0;t<PL;t+=10) dobigspotd(a*(path[t][0]-da-w*ta) /* +b*(path[t][1]-db-w*tb) */,
                                     b*(path[t][0]-da-w*ta)    +a*(path[t][1]-db-w*tb));
    for(w=-20;w<=20;++w)
      for(t=0;t<DN;++t) dospotd(a*(dots[t][0]-da-w*ta) /* +b*(dots[t][1]-db-w*tb) */,
                                b*(dots[t][0]-da-w*ta)    +a*(dots[t][1]-db-w*tb));
//if(n==0) printf("%lf; %lf, %lf, %lf; %lf, %lf, %lf, %lf, %lf\n", a*(path[PL][0]-da-1*ta)+b*(path[PL][1]-db-1*tb), path[PL][0], da, 1*ta, path[PL][1], db, 1*tb, path[0][0], path[0][1]);
    sprintf(fn, "gal%04d.pgm", n);
    f=fopen(fn, "wb");
    fprintf(f, "P5\n%d %d\n255\n", SX, SY);
    fwrite(img, 256*256, 1, f);
    fclose(f);
  }
  return 0;
}

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kiwari9 Nopémber 2006 21.50'Thumbnail' pikeun vérsi mangsa 9 Nopémber 2006 21.50200 × 200 (134 KB)CypSource of program used to generate image: <pre>//GPL #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <math.h> #define PI 3.141592653589793238462 #define SX 200 #define SY 200 #define PL 100 #define DN 2000 unsigned char img[SX][SY]; double path[PL+1][

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