Bakelite
Bakelite (/ beɪkəlaɪt / bay-kə-Lyt, sakapeung diejah Baekelite [1])), atawa polyoxybenzylmethylenglycolanhydride, nyaéta plastik anu munggaran. ieu téh resin fenol formaldehida thermosetting, anu ngawujud ku ayana reaksi eliminasi tina fenol jeung formaldehida. Ieu kimia dikokolakeun ku urang Belgia manéhna taya lian Leo Baekeland di New York dina taun 1907 .
salah sahiji plastik anu munggaran dijieun tina bahan/komponen sintetik, Bakelite dimangpaatkeun kana nonconductivity listrik ogé tahan panas lamun digunakeun di isolator listrik, radio jeung imahna telepon, Ogé rupa-rupa parabot dapur,perhiasan, kuluwung/pipah, cocooan barudak, aya ogé dipaké sanjata dina panyepeng péstol, gagang belati jeung sajabana [2].
History[édit | édit sumber]
Baekeland geus beurat beunghar, alatan pamangihna tina Velox kertas foto, dina mangsa manéhna nalungtik reaksi fenol jeung formaldehida di laboratorium imahna. Ieu kimiawan mimiti sadar geningan loba resin alami jeung serat polimer. Mimitinamah Baekeland nyeta nengan keur gaganti lak, bahan anu salila ieu ditarima jumlahna saeutik ku lantaran ngandelkeun alam tina ekskresi lac bug. Baekeland ngahasilkeun lak fenol-formaldehida larut disebut "novolak", hanyakal kurang laku dijual.
Tuluy waé Baekeland mimiti nyobaan nguatkeun kai maké resin sintetis, lain dilapiskeun tapi sina nyerep kana éta kai. ku jalan ngontrol tekenan jeung hawa kana éta fenol katut formaldehida, Baekeland ngahasilkeun bahanteuas anu bisa dicitak/moldable anu dingaranan Bakelite," .[3] Baekeland ngawang-wang tina kamungkinan ngagunakeun bahan campuranna kaasup kapas, bubuk perunggu, jeung kekebul batu tulis, tapi anu paling nyongcolang nyaéta serat kai jeung asbes.[4] He announced his invention at a meeting of the American Chemical Society on February 5, 1909.[5]
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Reperensi[édit | édit sumber]
- ↑ Sieckhaus, John F. (June 3, 2009). Chemicals, Human Health, and the Environment. Xlibris Corporation. p. 38. ISBN 978-1-4628-1043-7.
- ↑ Kokalis, Peter (2001). Weapons Tests And Evaluations: The Best Of Soldier Of Fortune. Paladin Press. pp. 45, 49.
- ↑ Amato, Ivan (Citakan:ISO date/en). "Leo Baekeland". Time. http://www.time.com/time/time100/scientist/profile/baekeland.html Archived Nopémber 6, 2007, di Wayback Machine
- ↑ Mercelis, Joris (2012). "Leo Baekeland’s Transatlantic Struggle for Bakelite: Patenting Inside and Outside of America". Technology and Culture (Society for the History of Technology) 53. http://www.academia.edu/4217504/Leo_Baekeland_s_Transatlantic_Struggle_for_Bakelite_Patenting_Inside_and_Outside_of_America. Diakses pada 23 February 2015.
- ↑ "New Chemical Substance" (PDF). The New York Times. Citakan:ISO date/en. http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9E0CEFDA1439E733A25755C0A9649C946897D6CF