Transformasi Fourier: Béda antarrépisi
nuluykeun hanca |
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'''Transformasi Fourier''' nyéta hiji alat matematis anu ngawincik [[fungsi]] non-périodik kana fungsi-fungsi [[sinusoida]] anu nyusunna. Tranformasi Fourier ogé mangrupakeun alat pikeun ngarobah fungsi waktu kana wujud fungsi frékuénsi. |
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:''Artikel ieu sacara husus medar transformasi Fourier anu ngarobah fungsi dina doméin waktu ka doméin frékuénsi; pikeun jinis transformasi Fourier séjénna, tempo [[analisis Fourier]] sarta [[daftar transformasi anu patali jeung Fourier]]. Pikeun jéneralisasi, tempo [[transformasi Fourier fraksional]] sarta [[transformasi koninikal linier]]'' |
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Dina [[matématika]], |
Dina [[matématika]], lamun fungsi périodik bisa diwincik kana sajumlah dérét fungsi anu disebut deret Fourier ku rumus <math>x(t) = \sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty} c_n e^{jn\omega_o t}.</math> mangka géneralisasi pikeun fungsi non-périodik bisa dilakukeun maké rumus nu disebut transformasi Fourier. Jadi transformasi Fourier mangrupakeun generalisasi tina [[Dérét Fourierdérét Fourier]] |
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== |
==Définisi== |
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Lamun x(t) mangrupakeun hiji sinyal non- |
Lamun x(t) mangrupakeun hiji sinyal non-périodik. Mangka transformasi Fourier x(t), anu dilambangkeun ku <math>\mathcal{F}</math>, didéfinisikeun ku |
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:<math>X(\omega) = \mathcal {F}\{x(t)\} = \int \limits _{-\infty}^{\infty} x(t)\ e^{-j \omega t}\,dt </math> |
:<math>X(\omega) = \mathcal {F}\{x(t)\} = \int \limits _{-\infty}^{\infty} x(t)\ e^{-j \omega t}\,dt </math> |
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Kabalikan transformasi Fourier <math> X(\omega)</math> dilambangkeun ku <math> \mathcal {F^’}\{} </math> sarta didéfiniskieun kieu: |
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<math> x(t) = \mathcal {F^’}\{X(\omega)\} = \frac{1}{2\pi} \int _{-\infty}^{\infty} X(\omega)\ e^{ j\omega t}\,d\omega </math> |
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<math> x(t) jeung X(\omega)</math> disebut pasangan transformasi Fourier. |
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Urang ngagunakeun perlambang <math>x(t) \quad \stackrel{\mathcal{F}}{\Longleftrightarrow}\quad X(\omega)</math> pikeun ngalambangkeun yén ''x''(''t'') jeung ''X''(ω) mangrupakeun pasangan transformasi Fourier. |
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1. Liniéritas (superposisi): |
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::::<math>a\cdot x_1 (t) + b\cdot x_2 (t) \quad \stackrel{\mathcal{F}}{\Longleftrightarrow}\quad a\cdot X_1 (\omega) + b\cdot X_2 (\omega) </math> |
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2. Kakalian |
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::::{| |
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|<math>x_1 (t)\cdot x_2 (t) \,</math> |
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| <math>\stackrel{\mathcal{F}}{\Longleftrightarrow}\quad |
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\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}}\cdot (X_1 * X_2)(\omega) \,</math> |
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| (konvensasi normalisasi uniter) |
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|- |
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| <math>\stackrel{\mathcal{F}}{\Longleftrightarrow}\quad |
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\frac{1}{2\pi}\cdot (X_1 * X_2 )(\omega) \,</math> |
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| (konvensi non-uniter) |
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|- |
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| <math>\stackrel{\mathcal{F}}{\Longleftrightarrow}\quad |
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(F*G)(\f) \,</math> |
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| (frekuensi biasa) |
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|} |
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3. Modulasi: |
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::::: <math> |
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\begin{align} |
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x(t)\cdot \cos \omega_{0}t |
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&\quad \stackrel{\mathcal{F}}{\Longleftrightarrow}\quad \frac{1}{2}[X(\omega+\omega_{0})+X(\omega-\omega_{0})],\qquad \omega_{0} \in \mathbb{R} \\ |
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f(t)\cdot \sin \omega_{0}t |
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&\quad \stackrel{\mathcal{F}}{\Longleftrightarrow}\quad \frac{j}{2}[X(\omega+\omega_{0})-X(\omega-\omega_{0})] \\ |
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x(t)\cdot e^{j\omega_{0}t} |
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&\quad \stackrel{\mathcal{F}}{\Longleftrightarrow}\quad X(\omega-\omega_{0}) |
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\end{align} |
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\,</math> |
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4. Géséran waktu |
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:<math>x(t – t_o) \quad \stackrel{\mathcal{F}}{\Longleftrightarrow}\quad X(\omega)\ e^{-j \omega t_o} </math> |
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5. Géséran frékuénsi: |
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:<math>x(t) \ e^{j \omega_o t} \quad \stackrel{\mathcal{F}}{\Longleftrightarrow}\quad X(\omega – \omega_o) </math> |
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6. Skala: |
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::::<math> x(at) \quad \stackrel{\mathcal{F}}{\Longleftrightarrow}\quad \frac{1}{|a|}X\biggl(\frac{\omega}{a}\biggr), \qquad a \in \mathbb{R}, a \ne 0</math> |
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7. Lawan / kabalikan waktu: |
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::::<math>x(-t) \quad \stackrel{\mathcal{F}}{\Longleftrightarrow}\quad X(-\omega)</math> |
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8. Dualitas: |
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::::<math>X(t) \quad \stackrel{\mathcal{F}}{\Longleftrightarrow}\quad 2\pi x (-\omega)</math> |
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9. Diferensiasi waktu: |
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<math> x^’ (t) = \frac{d x(t)}{dt}\ x(t) \quad \stackrel{\mathcal{F}}{\Longleftrightarrow}\quad j\omega X(\omega) </math> |
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10. Diferensiasi frékuénsi: |
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<math> (-jt) x(t) \quad \stackrel{\mathcal{F}}{\Longleftrightarrow}\quad X^’ (\omega) = \frac{d X(\omega)}{dw} </math> |
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11. Integrasi: |
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::::<math> |
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\int_{-\infty}^{t} x(\tau)\, d\tau |
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\quad \stackrel{\mathcal{F}}{\Longleftrightarrow}\quad |
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\frac{1}{j\omega}X(\omega)+\pi X(0)\cdot \delta(\omega), |
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\,</math> |
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==Transformasi Fourier tina sawatara sinyal nu mangfaat== |
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==Catetan== |
==Catetan== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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==Tempo |
==Tempo ogé== |
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*[[Dérét Fourier]] |
*[[Dérét Fourier]] |
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*[[Transformasi Fourier gancang]] ''(Fast Fourier transform, FFT)'' |
*[[Transformasi Fourier gancang]] ''(Fast Fourier transform, FFT)'' |
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==Rujukan== |
==Rujukan== |
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{{nofootnotes}} |
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*[http://www.efunda.com/math/fourier_transform/ Fourier Transforms] from eFunda - includes tables |
*[http://www.efunda.com/math/fourier_transform/ Fourier Transforms] from eFunda - includes tables |
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* Dym & McKean, ''Fourier Series and Integrals''. (For readers with a background in [[mathematical analysis]].) |
* Dym & McKean, ''Fourier Series and Integrals''. (For readers with a background in [[mathematical analysis]].) |
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* R. N. Bracewell, The Fourier Transform and Its Applications, 3rd ed., Boston, McGraw Hill, 2000. |
* R. N. Bracewell, The Fourier Transform and Its Applications, 3rd ed., Boston, McGraw Hill, 2000. |
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== Tumbu |
== Tumbu kaluar == |
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* [http://eqworld.ipmnet.ru/en/auxiliary/aux-inttrans.htm Tables of Integral Transforms] at EqWorld: The World of Mathematical Equations. |
* [http://eqworld.ipmnet.ru/en/auxiliary/aux-inttrans.htm Tables of Integral Transforms] at EqWorld: The World of Mathematical Equations. |
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* {{MathWorld | urlname= FourierTransform | title= Fourier Transform}} |
* {{MathWorld | urlname= FourierTransform | title= Fourier Transform}} |
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* [http://www.ieee.li/pdf/viewgraphs_laplace.pdf Extending Laplace & Fourier Transforms by Dr. Shervin Erfani] |
* [http://www.ieee.li/pdf/viewgraphs_laplace.pdf Extending Laplace & Fourier Transforms by Dr. Shervin Erfani] |
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[[Kategori:Konsép fisika dasar]] |
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[[Kategori: Telekomunikasi]] |
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[[ |
[[Kategori:Analisis Fourier]] |
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[[Category:Transformasi integral]] |
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[[Category:Operator unitér]] |
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[[ar:تحويل فوريي]] |
[[ar:تحويل فوريي]] |
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[[tr:Fourier dönüşümü]] |
[[tr:Fourier dönüşümü]] |
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[[zh:傅里叶变换]] |
[[zh:傅里叶变换]] |
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{{stub}} |
Révisi nurutkeun 5 Juli 2008 05.20
Transformasi Fourier nyéta hiji alat matematis anu ngawincik fungsi non-périodik kana fungsi-fungsi sinusoida anu nyusunna. Tranformasi Fourier ogé mangrupakeun alat pikeun ngarobah fungsi waktu kana wujud fungsi frékuénsi.
Dina matématika, lamun fungsi périodik bisa diwincik kana sajumlah dérét fungsi anu disebut deret Fourier ku rumus mangka géneralisasi pikeun fungsi non-périodik bisa dilakukeun maké rumus nu disebut transformasi Fourier. Jadi transformasi Fourier mangrupakeun generalisasi tina Dérét Fourierdérét Fourier
Définisi
Lamun x(t) mangrupakeun hiji sinyal non-périodik. Mangka transformasi Fourier x(t), anu dilambangkeun ku , didéfinisikeun ku
Kabalikan transformasi Fourier dilambangkeun ku Peta ''parse'' gagal (Kasalahan rumpaka): {\displaystyle \mathcal {F^’}\{} } sarta didéfiniskieun kieu:
Peta ''parse'' gagal (Kasalahan rumpaka): {\displaystyle x(t) = \mathcal {F^’}\{X(\omega)\} = \frac{1}{2\pi} \int _{-\infty}^{\infty} X(\omega)\ e^{ j\omega t}\,d\omega }
disebut pasangan transformasi Fourier.
Sifat Transformasi Fourier
Urang ngagunakeun perlambang pikeun ngalambangkeun yén x(t) jeung X(ω) mangrupakeun pasangan transformasi Fourier.
1. Liniéritas (superposisi):
2. Kakalian
(konvensasi normalisasi uniter) (konvensi non-uniter) Peta ''parse'' gagal (fungsi teu kanyahoan): {\displaystyle \stackrel{\mathcal{F}}{\Longleftrightarrow}\quad (F*G)(\f) \,} (frekuensi biasa)
3. Modulasi:
4. Géséran waktu
- Peta ''parse'' gagal (Kasalahan rumpaka): {\displaystyle x(t – t_o) \quad \stackrel{\mathcal{F}}{\Longleftrightarrow}\quad X(\omega)\ e^{-j \omega t_o} }
5. Géséran frékuénsi:
- Peta ''parse'' gagal (Kasalahan rumpaka): {\displaystyle x(t) \ e^{j \omega_o t} \quad \stackrel{\mathcal{F}}{\Longleftrightarrow}\quad X(\omega – \omega_o) }
6. Skala:
7. Lawan / kabalikan waktu:
8. Dualitas:
9. Diferensiasi waktu:
Peta ''parse'' gagal (Mun bisa MathML (uji coba): Respons tak sah ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") dari peladen "http://localhost:6011/su.wikipedia.org/v1/":): {\displaystyle x^’ (t) = \frac{d x(t)}{dt}\ x(t) \quad \stackrel{\mathcal{F}}{\Longleftrightarrow}\quad j\omega X(\omega) }
10. Diferensiasi frékuénsi:
Peta ''parse'' gagal (Kasalahan rumpaka): {\displaystyle (-jt) x(t) \quad \stackrel{\mathcal{F}}{\Longleftrightarrow}\quad X^’ (\omega) = \frac{d X(\omega)}{dw} }
11. Integrasi:
Transformasi Fourier tina sawatara sinyal nu mangfaat
Catetan
Tempo ogé
- Dérét Fourier
- Transformasi Fourier gancang (Fast Fourier transform, FFT)
- Transformasi Laplace
- Transformasi Fourier diskrit
- Transformasi Fourier fraksional
- Transformasi kanonik liniér
- Transformasi sinus Fourier
- Transformasi Fourier laun (Short-time Fourier transform)
- Pamrosésan sinyal analog
Rujukan
- Fourier Transforms from eFunda - includes tables
- Dym & McKean, Fourier Series and Integrals. (For readers with a background in mathematical analysis.)
- K. Yosida, Functional Analysis, Springer-Verlag, 1968. ISBN 3-540-58654-7
- L. Hörmander, Linear Partial Differential Operators, Springer-Verlag, 1976. (Somewhat terse.)
- A. D. Polyanin and A. V. Manzhirov, Handbook of Integral Equations, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1998. ISBN 0-8493-2876-4
- R. G. Wilson, "Fourier Series and Optical Transform Techniques in Contemporary Optics", Wiley, 1995. ISBN-10: 0471303577
- R. N. Bracewell, The Fourier Transform and Its Applications, 3rd ed., Boston, McGraw Hill, 2000.
Tumbu kaluar
- Tables of Integral Transforms at EqWorld: The World of Mathematical Equations.
- (en) Eric W. Weisstein, Fourier Transform di MathWorld.
- Fourier Transform Module by John H. Mathews
- Extending Laplace & Fourier Transforms by Dr. Shervin Erfani
Artikel ieu mangrupa taratas, perlu disampurnakeun. Upami sadérék uninga langkung paos perkawis ieu, dihaturan kanggo ngalengkepan. |