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English: Kalari Pattu, also known as Kalaripayattu, is one of the oldest martial arts in the world, originating in Kerala, India. Its history dates back thousands of years, with roots in the ancient Indian texts such as the Dhanurveda (science of warfare) and the Vedas. The term "Kalari" refers to the training ground or battlefield, while "Pattu" translates to technique or practice.
Historically, Kalari Pattu was not only a means of combat but also a way of life for warriors in Kerala. It was practiced by various communities, including the Nairs, Thiyyas, and Ezhavas, and was an integral part of their cultural and social fabric. Training in Kalari Pattu involved rigorous physical conditioning, including exercises to enhance flexibility, strength, and agility. The art form encompasses a wide range of techniques, including strikes, kicks, grappling, weaponry, and healing methods. These techniques are classified into different stages of training, with students progressing from basic exercises to advanced combat maneuvers. Kalari practitioners are trained to use their entire body as a weapon, mastering both armed and unarmed combat. Beyond its martial aspects, Kalari Pattu also incorporates elements of spirituality and holistic health. Traditional Kalari schools often include teachings on Ayurveda (traditional Indian medicine), yoga, and meditation, emphasizing the importance of mental discipline and inner balance alongside physical prowess. Over time, Kalari Pattu has evolved from a battlefield skill to a performing art and a means of physical fitness. It has gained international recognition for its effectiveness as a self-defense system and its contribution to the development of other martial arts around the world. Today, Kalari Pattu continues to be practiced in Kerala and has spread to other parts of India and the world. It is preserved through dedicated Kalari schools (known as Kalari koodams) where experienced masters pass on their knowledge to the next generation, ensuring that this ancient martial art form remains alive and vibrant in contemporary times.
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Titimangsa | |||
Sumber | Karya sorangan | ||
Pangarang | The pixelwriter2309 |
Lisénsi
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- pikeun nyampurkeun – pikeun ngarobah karyana
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- BabagiSarupa – Lamun anjeun ngadumaniskeun, ngarobah, atawa nyieun turunan tina éta bahan, anjeun kudu nyebarkeun kontribusi anjeun maké lisénsi anu sarua jeung nu aslina.
- Anjeun bébas:
- pikeun babagi – pikeun nyalin, nyebarkeun, sarta nyalabarkeun karyana
- pikeun nyampurkeun – pikeun ngarobah karyana
- Dumasar kana kaayaan di handap:
- atribusi – Anjeun kudu ngatribusi karya ku cara nu geus ditangtukeun ku nu nyieun atawa nu méré lisénsi (tapi lain ku jalan nu sigana téh maksa pikeun Anjeun maké éta karya).
- BabagiSarupa – Lamun anjeun ngadumaniskeun, ngarobah, atawa nyieun turunan tina éta bahan, anjeun kudu nyebarkeun kontribusi anjeun maké lisénsi anu sarua jeung nu aslina.
Penilaian
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Items portrayed in this file
menggambarkan Indonesia
pencipta Indonesia
some value
status hak cipta Indonesia
berhak cipta Indonesia
lisensi Indonesia
waktu pajanan Indonesia
0,002 detik
nilai-f Indonesia
9
jarak fokus Indonesia
42,1 milimeter
kecepatan ISO Indonesia
400
tipe media Indonesia
image/jpeg
sumber berkas Indonesia
karya sendiri dari pengunggah Indonesia
asesmen kualitas Commons Indonesia
gambar berkualitas Wikimedia Commons Indonesia
ukuran data Indonesia
2.398.076 Bita
tinggi Indonesia
3.863 piksel
lebar Indonesia
5.795 piksel
checksum Inggris
a88904e833bfe62e2019c99b7174c3dc6f09c9ce
ditangkap dengan Indonesia
Jujutan berkas
Klik dina titimangsa pikeun nempo koropak nu aya dina mangsa éta.
Titimangsa | Miniatur | Ukuran | Pamaké | Kamandang | |
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kiwari | 20 Maret 2024 08.39 | 5.795 × 3.863 (2,29 MB) | The pixelwriter2309 | Uploaded own work with UploadWizard |
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Produsén kaméra | SONY |
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Modél kaméra | ILCE-7M4 |
Pangarang | anmol |
Waktu pajanan | 1/500 detik (0,002) |
Nomer F | f/9 |
Réting gagancangan ISO | 400 |
Titimangsa jeung wanci dijieunna data | 21 Januari 2024 17.35 |
Panjang fokus lénsa | 42,1 mm |
Sopwér nu dipaké | Adobe Imagecore (Linux) |
Wanci jeung titimangsa parobahan koropak | 20 Maret 2024 08.37 |
Program pajanan | Manual |
Vérsi Exif | 2.32 |
Titimangsa jeung wanci digitisasi | 21 Januari 2024 17.35 |
Gagancangan rana APEX | 8,965784 |
Bukaan APEX | 6,33985 |
Cacaangan APEX | 8,61875 |
Bias pajanan | 0 |
Bukaan taneuh maksimum | 2,96875 APEX (f/2,8) |
Modeu pangukuran | Pola |
Sumber cahya | Duka |
Buricak | Lampu kilat teu hurung, lampu kilat dipareuman |
Subdetik DateTimeOriginal | 097 |
Subdetik DateTimeDigitized | 097 |
Rohangan warna | Teu dikalibrasi |
Résolusi X datar fokus | 1.966,8377380371 |
Résolusi Y datar fokus | 1.966,8377380371 |
Unit résolusi datar fokus | 3 |
Sumber berkas | Kaméra digital cicing |
Tipe adegan | Gambar poto langsung |
Prosés jijieunan gambar | Prosés normal |
Modeu pajanan | Pajanan manual |
Kasaimbangan bodas | Kasaimbangan bodas otomatis |
Rasio zum digital | 1 |
Panjang fokus dina film 35 mm | 42 mm |
Tipeu panéwakan | Baku |
Kontras | Normal |
Saturasi | Normal |
Seukeutna | Normal |
Lénsa nu dipaké | 24-70mm F2.8 DG DN | Art 019 |
Titimangsa panungtungan métadata dirobah | 20 Maret 2024 08.37 |
ID unik dokumén asli | 227D87A34CCEBC261ADB87663A32BE2A |
Vérsi IIM | 4 |
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