Témbongkeun sumber pikeun Média (étnisitas)

{{Redirect|Mede|kota di Italia|Mede, Lombardia}}
{{Kotak info urut nagara
|native_name            =  Mādai
|conventional_long_name = Kakaisaran Média<br><small>atanapi</small><br>Konféderasi Média
|common_name            = Média
|continent              = Asia
|region                 = Wétan Deukeut Kuna
|country                = Iran
|era                    = Jaman Emas
|status                 =
|status_text            =
|empire                 =
|government_type        = Monarki
|year_start             = <u>+</u> 625 SM
|year_end               = 549 SM
|year_exile_start       =
|year_exile_end         =
|event_start            = [[Cyaxares]] ngahijikeun séké-séké Media<ref name="EnBr">Encyclopædia Britannica Online [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/372125/Media Media (ancient region, Iran)]</ref>
|date_start             =
|event_end              = [[Cyrus nu Ageung]]
|date_end               =
|event1                 =
|date_event1            =
|event2                 =
|date_event2            =
|event3                 =
|date_event3            =
|event4                 =
|date_event4            =
|event_pre              =
|date_pre               =
|event_post             =
|date_post              =
|p1                     = Kakaisaran Assyria Anyar
|flag_p1                = Map of Assyria.png
|image_p1               =
|p2                     =
|flag_p2                =
|p3                     =
|flag_p3                =
|p4                     =
|flag_p4                =
|p5                     =
|flag_p5                =
|s1                     = Kakaisaran Achaemenid
|flag_s1                = Standard of Cyrus the Great.svg
|image_s1               =
|s2                     =
|flag_s2                =
|s3                     =
|flag_s3                =
|s4                     =
|flag_s4                =
|s5                     =
|flag_s5                =
|image_flag             =
|flag                   =
|flag_type              =
|image_coat             =
|symbol                 =
|symbol_type            =
|image_map              = Median Empire.jpg
|image_map_caption      = Hiji peta Kakaisaran Media; numutkeun [[Herodotus]]
|capital                = Ecbatana, [[Hamadan]] modérn
|capital_exile          =
|latd= |latm= |latNS= |longd= |longm= |longEW=
|national_motto         =
|national_anthem        =
|common_languages       = [[Basa Media]]
|religion               = Agama Iran Kuna (patali jeung [[Mithra]]isme, [[Mazdaisme]] atanapi [[Zoroastrianisme]] awal)
|currency               =
|title_leader           = [[daptar raja-raja Pérsia|Raja]]
|leader1                = [[Cyaxares nu Ageung]] (kahiji)
|year_leader1           = 625-585 SM
|leader2                = [[Astyages]] (pangahirna)
|year_leader2           = 589-549 SM
|footnotes              =
}}
<!-- {{History of Iran}} -->
[[Image:Persepolis Apadana noerdliche Treppe Detail.jpg|thumb|200px|Istana Apadana, tangga kalér (detail) - pahatan kuna abad ka-5 SM némbongkeun saurang prajurit Média dina pakéan tradisional Média (tukangeun prajurit Pérsia)]]
'''Média'''{{#tag:ref|ti éntri [[OED]]: "Mede '' <  Latin klasik Mēdus (biasana dina jamak, Mēdī)  <  Yunani kuna (Attika jeung Ionia) Μῆδος (Siprus ma-to-i Μᾶδοι, jamak)  <  Pérsia Kuna Māda''"<ref>[[OED]] Online [http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/115629?rskey=kViil4&result=4  "entry Mede, n.".]:</ref>|group="N"}} (ti [[Basa Pérsia Kuna]] '' Māda-'') nyaéta hiji [[masarakat Iran kuna]]{{#tag:ref|A)"..and the Medes (Iranians of what is now north-west Iran).." {{EIEC|30}}. B) "Archaeological evidence for the religion of the Iranian-speaking Medes of the .." {{harv|Diakonoff|1985|p=140}}. C) ".. succeeded in uniting into a kingdom the many Iranian-speaking Median tribes" ( from Encyclopædia Britannica <ref name="EnBr"/>). D) "Proto-Iranian split into Western (Median, ancient Persian, and others) and Eastern (Scythian, Ossetic, Saka, Pamir and others)..." ({{citation| publisher = BRILL| isbn = 9789004160545| last = Kuz'mina| first = Elena E.| others = J. P. Mallory (ed.)| title = The origin of the Indo-Iranians
| year = 2007|page=303}}) ...|group="N"}} nu hirup di [[Iran]]<!-- for specific location within Iran see Medes#Historical_geography_of_Media --> dina hiji wewengkon nu kawanoh salaku Média sarta nyaturkeun hiji [[basa Iran Kalér-Kulon]] nu kawanoh salaku [[basa Média]]. Kadatanganna ka wewengkonna dipatalikeun jeung gelombang kahiji séké Iran dina ahir [[milénium ka-2 SM]] ([[Ngahandapna Jaman Perunggu]]) nepi ka awal [[milénium ka-1 SM]].

==Tingali ogé==
{{Portal|Wétan Deukeut Kuna}}
*[[Kakaisaran Achaemenid]]
*[[Madai]]
*[[Pérsia Raya]]
*[[Qanat]], sistim pangaturan cai

==Rujukan, catetan, jeung sumber==
{{reflist}}
<references group="N"/>
{{refbegin}}
* {{citation| publisher = BRILL| isbn = 9789004092716| last1 = Boyce| first1 = Mary| last2 =Grenet| first2=  Frantz |title = Zoroastrianism under Macedonian and Roman rule| date = 1991}}
* {{Citation| last1= Dandamayev|first1=M.|last2=Medvedskaya|first2=I.|contribution =Media|year = 2006|title=Encyclopaedia Iranica Online Edition|contribution-url=http://www.iranica.com/articles/media}}
* {{Citation| last= Henrickson|first1=R. C.|contribution =Baba Jan Teppe|year = 1988|title=Encyclopaedia Iranica|volume=2|contribution-url=http://www.iranica.com/articles/baba-jan-tepe|isbn = 9780933273672|publisher=Routledge & Kegan Paul}}
*{{citation|last=Tavernier|first=Jan| title=Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550-330 B.C.): Linguistic Study of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts |publisher=Peeters Publishers |year=2007|isbn=9042918330}}
*{{citation|last1=Dandamaev|first1=M. A.|last2=Lukonin|first2=V. G.|first3=Philip L.|last3=Kohl|first4=D. J.|last4=Dadson|title=The Culture and Social Institutions of Ancient Iran|place=Cambridge, England|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2004|isbn=9780521611916|pages=480}}
*{{citation|last=Diakonoff|first=I. M.|chapter= Media|title=The Cambridge History of Iran|volume=2|edition=Edited by Ilya Gershevitch|pages=36–148|place=Cambridge, England|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1985|isbn=0521200911}}
* {{Citation
| publisher = Brill
| isbn = 9789004008571
| volume = 1
| last = Gershevitch
| first = I.
| title = Iranian Studies
| chapter = Old Iranian Literature
| location = 1-30
| series = Hanbuch Der Orientalistik - Abeteilung - Der Nahe Und Der Mittlere Osten
| year = 1968
}}
*{{Citation
| doi = 10.2307/4300482
| issn = 05786967
| volume = 11
| pages = 1–27
| last = Levine
| first = Louis D.
| title = Geographical Studies in the Neo-Assyrian Zagros: I
| journal = Iran
| date = 1973-01-01
| jstor = 4300482
}}
* {{Citation
| doi = 10.2307/4300506
| issn = 05786967
| volume = 12
| pages = 99–124
| last = Levine
| first = Louis D.
| title = Geographical Studies in the Neo-Assyrian Zagros-II
| journal = Iran
| date = 1974-01-01
| jstor = 4300506
}}
* {{citation
| publisher = Mazda Publishers
| isbn = 9781568591094
| last = Soudavar
| first = Abolala
| title = The aura of kings: legitimacy and divine sanction in Iranian kingship
| year = 2003
}}
* {{citation|last=Young|first=T. Cuyler, Jr.|chapter=The early history of the Medes and the Persians and the Achaemenid empire to the death of Cambyses|pages=1–52|title=The Cambridge Ancient History|editor1-last=Boardman|editor1-first=John|editor2-first=N. G. L.|editor2-last=Hammond|editor3-first=D. M.|editor3-last=Lewis|editor4-last=Ostwald.|volume=4|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1988|doi=10.1017/CHOL9780521228046.002|url=http://histories.cambridge.org/extract?id=chol9780521228046_CHOL9780521228046A002|editor-first=M.}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120327064659/http://histories.cambridge.org/extract?id=chol9780521228046_CHOL9780521228046A002 |date=2012-03-27 }}
*{{citation
| publisher = Oxford University Press
| isbn = 9780195112177
| editor-last = Meyers
| contribution= Medes
| last= Young
| first=T. Cuyler
| volume = 3
| pages = 448–450
| editor-first = Eric M.
| title = The Oxford encyclopedia of archaeology in the Near East
| year = 1997
}}
*{{citation
| doi = 10.2307/4300620
| issn = 05786967
| volume = 40
| pages = 89–151
| last = Zadok
| first = Ran
| title = The Ethno-Linguistic Character of Northwestern Iran and Kurdistan in the Neo-Assyrian Period
| journal = Iran
| year = 2002
| jstor = 4300620
}}
*{{Citation | last =Schmitt | first =Rüdiger | year =2008 | date = | publisher= Cambridge University Press| contribution =Old Persian | contribution-url = | editor-last =Woodard | editor-first =Roger D. | title =The Ancient Languages of Asia and the Americas
| isbn = 9780521684941
|pages=76–100 }}
*{{citation
| doi = 10.2307/3258384
| issn = 0026-1521
| volume = 27
| issue = 3
| pages = 177–186
| last = Stronach
| first = David
| title = Tepe Nush-i Jan: A Mound in Media
| journal = The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin
| series = New Series
| year = 1968
| jstor = 3258384
}}
*{{citation
| isbn = 9780933273672
| first=David
|last=Stronach
|editor-last=Yarshater
|editor-first=E.
|contribution = Archeology ii. Median and Achaemenid
|volume =2
|year = 1982
|publisher=Routledge & Kegan Paul
|pages=288–96
| title = Encyclopaedia Iranica
}}
*{{citation
| isbn = 9780939214792
| first=Gernot L.
|last=Windfuhr
|editor-last=Yarshater
|editor-first=E.
|contribution =Central dialects
|year = 1991
|pages=242–51
| title = Encyclopaedia Iranica
}}

==Bacaan salajengna==
* "[http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9051719 Mede]." ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. 2008. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 16 January 2008.
* {{Citation| last1= Dandamayev|first1=M.|last2=Medvedskaya|first2=I.|contribution =Media|year = 2006|title=Encyclopaedia Iranica Online Edition|contribution-url=http://www.iranica.com/articles/media}}
* {{citation|last=Gershevitch|first=Ilya|title=The Cambridge History of Iran|volume=2|place=Cambridge, England|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1985|isbn=0521200911}}
* {{citation|last1=Dandamaev|first1=M. A.|last2=Lukonin|first2=V. G.|first3=Philip L.|last3=Kohl|first4=D. J.|last4=Dadson|title=The Culture and Social Institutions of Ancient Iran|place=Cambridge, England|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2004|isbn=9780521611916|pages=480}}
* {{citation|last=Young|first=T. Cuyler, Jr.|chapter=The early history of the Medes and the Persians and the Achaemenid empire to the death of Cambyses|title=Persia, Greece and the Western Mediterranean C. 525 to 479 B.C|editor1-last=Boardman|editor1-first=John|editor2-first=N. G. L.|editor2-last=Hammond|editor3-first=D. M.|editor3-last=Lewis|editor4-last=Ostwald.|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=1988|edition=Cambridge Histories Online|doi=10.1017/CHOL9780521228046.002|url=http://histories.cambridge.org/extract?id=chol9780521228046_CHOL9780521228046A002|editor-first=M.|pages=1–52}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120327064659/http://histories.cambridge.org/extract?id=chol9780521228046_CHOL9780521228046A002 |date=2012-03-27 }}
{{refend}}

==Tumbu kaluar==
* Artikel [http://www.iranchamber.com/history/median/median.php Median Empire] ti Iran Chamber Society.
{{Ancient Mesopotamia}}
{{Median topics|state=expanded}}
{{Median and Achaemenid kings}}
{{Empires|state=collapsed}}
{{Achaemenid Provinces}}
{{Iran topics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Media}}
[[Kategori:Sajarah Azerbaijan]]
[[Kategori:Média (étnisitas)| ]]
[[Kategori:Pérsia Kuna|+]]
[[Kategori:Sajarah Iran]]
[[Kategori:Nu bubar taun 549 SM]]
[[Kategori:Kasatrapan Achaemenid]]
[[Kategori:Propinsi di Kakaisaran Sassanid]]
[[Kategori:Masarakat Iran Kuna]]


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