Témbongkeun sumber pikeun Céko

{{Infobox country
|native_name                 = Česká republika
|conventional_long_name      = Républik Céko
|common_name                 = Céko
|image_flag                  = Flag of the Czech Republic.svg
|image_coat                  = Coat of arms of the Czech Republic.svg
| image_map                  = EU-Czechia.svg
| map_caption                = {{map_caption |location_color=héjo kolot |region=[[Éropa]]|region_color=kulawu kolot |subregion=[[Uni Éropa]]|subregion_color=héjo|legend=EU-Czechia.svg}}
|national_motto              = "Pravda vítězí"{{Spaces|1}}<small>([[basa Céko]])<br />"Kabeneran nu meunang"</small>
|national_anthem             = ''[[Kde domov můj?]]''{{Spaces|1}}<small>([[basa Céko|Céko]])<br />"Di mana imah abdi?"</small>
|official_languages          = Resmi: [[Basa Céko|Céko]], [[Basa Slovak|Slovak]]<ref>Slovak language is defined as official language together with Czech language by several laws – e.g. law 500/2004, 337/1992. Source: http://portal.gov.cz {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050410043930/http://www.portal.gov.cz/ |date=2005-04-10 }}. Cited: "Například Správní řád (zákon č. 500/2004 Sb.) stanovuje: "V řízení se jedná a písemnosti se vyhotovují v českém jazyce. Účastníci řízení mohou jednat a písemnosti mohou být předkládány i v jazyce slovenském..." (§16, odstavec 1). Zákon o správě daní a poplatků (337/1992 Sb.) „Úřední jazyk: Před správcem daně se jedná v jazyce českém nebo slovenském. Veškerá písemná podání se předkládají v češtině nebo slovenštině..." (§ 3, odstavec 1). http://portal.gov.cz {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050410043930/http://www.portal.gov.cz/ |date=2005-04-10 }}</ref>
|languages                   = <br />Minoritas: [[Basa Bulgaria|Bulgaria]], [[Basa Kroasia|Kroasia]], [[Basa Jérman|Jérman]], [[Basa Yunani|Yunani]], [[Basa Hungaria|Hungaria]], [[Basa Polandia|Polandia]], [[Basa Romani|Romani]], [[Basa Rusia|Rusia]], [[Basa Rusyn|Rusyn]], [[Basa Sérbia|Sérbia]], jeung [[Basa Ukraina|Ukraina]]<ref name="languages">Citizens belonging to minorities, which traditionally and on long-term basis live within the territory of the Czech Republic, enjoy the right to use their language in communication with authorities and in front of the courts of law (for the list of recognized minorities see [http://www.vlada.cz/en/pracovni-a-poradni-organy-vlady/rnm/historie-a-soucasnost-rady-en-16666/ National Minorities Policy of the Government of the Czech Republic] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120607051111/http://www.vlada.cz/en/pracovni-a-poradni-organy-vlady/rnm/historie-a-soucasnost-rady-en-16666/ |date=2012-06-07 }}). The article 25 of the Czech [[Charter of Fundamental Rights and Basic Freedoms]] ensures right of the national and ethnic minorities for education and communication with authorities in their own language. Act No. 500/2004 Coll. (''The Administrative Rule'') in its paragraph 16 (4) (''Procedural Language'') ensures, that a citizen of the Czech Republic, who belongs to a national or an ethnic minority, which traditionally and on long-term basis lives within the territory of the Czech Republic, have right to address an administrative agency and proceed before it in the language of the minority. In case that the administrative agency doesn't have an employee with knowledge of the language, the agency is bound to obtain a translator at the agency's own expense. According to Act No. 273/2001 (''About The Rights of Members of Minorities'') paragraph 9 (''The right to use language of a national minority in dealing with authorities and in front of the courts of law'') the same applies for the members of national minorities also in front of the courts of law.</ref>
|languages_type              = Basa
|demonym                     = Czech
|capital                     = [[Praha]]
|latd=50 |latm=05 |latNS=N |longd=14 |longm=28 |longEW=E
|largest_city                = [[Praha]]
|government_type             = [[Républik parleménter]]
|leader_title1               = [[Présidén Céko|Présidén]]
|leader_name1                = [[:cs:Miloš Zeman|Miloš Zeman]]
|leader_title2               = [[Daptar Perdana Mentri Céko|Perdana Mentri]]
|leader_name2                = [[:cs:Petr Fiala|Petr Fiala]]
|sovereignty_type            = [[Sajarah Lemah Céko|Pawangunan]]
|sovereignty_note            =
|established_event1          = [[Sajarah Lemah Céko di Abad Patengahan|Kapangéranan Bohémia]]
|established_date1           = c. 870
|established_event2          = [[Karajaan Bohémia]]
|established_date2           = 1198
|established_event3          = [[Cékoslovakia]]
|established_date3           =  28 Oktober 1918
|established_event4          = [[Pameupeusan Cékoslovakia|Républik Céko]]
|established_date4           =  1 Januari 1993
|accessionEUdate             =  1 Méi 2004
|EUseats                     = 24
|area_rank                   = ka-116
|area_magnitude              = 1_E10
| area_km2               = 78,871
| area_rank              = 115th <!-- Area rank should match [[List of countries and dependencies by area]] -->
| area_sq_mi             = 30,452 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| percent_water          = 2.12 (as of 2020)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt-vyhledavani&vyhltext=plochy&bkvt=cGxvY2h5&katalog=all&pvo=ZPR15|title=Public database: Land use (as at 31 December)|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]|access-date=2 June 2021}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016121544/https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt-vyhledavani&vyhltext=plochy&bkvt=cGxvY2h5&katalog=all&pvo=ZPR15 |date=16 October 2021 }}</ref>
| population_estimate    = {{DecreaseNeutral}} 10,701,777<ref>{{cite web|title=Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2021|url=https://www.czso.cz/csu/czso/population-of-municipalities-1-january-2021|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]|date=30 April 2021}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501173809/https://www.czso.cz/csu/czso/population-of-municipalities-1-january-2021 |date=1 May 2021 }}</ref>
| population_census      = 10,436,560<ref name="census2011"/>
| population_estimate_year = 2021
| population_estimate_rank = 86th
| population_census_year = 2011
| population_density_km2 = 136
| population_density_sq_mi = 341 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| population_density_rank = 62th
| GDP_PPP                = {{increase}} $432.346&nbsp;billion<ref name="IMFWEOCZ">{{cite web |url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=36&pr.y=17&sy=2017&ey=2021&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=935&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2019 |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |website=IMF.org |access-date=2 November 2019 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606081730/https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=36&pr.y=17&sy=2017&ey=2021&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=935&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC&grp=0&a= |date=6 June 2020 }}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_year           = 2020
| GDP_PPP_rank           = 36th
| GDP_PPP_per_capita     = {{increase}} $40,585<ref name="IMFWEOCZ"/>
| GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = 34th
| GDP_nominal            = {{increase}} $261.732&nbsp;billion<ref name="IMFWEOCZ"/>
| GDP_nominal_year       = 2020
| GDP_nominal_rank       = 36th
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $24,569<ref name="IMFWEOCZ"/>
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = 37th
| Gini                   = 24.0 <!--number only-->
| Gini_year              = 2019
| Gini_change            = steady <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| Gini_ref               = <ref name=eurogini>{{cite web |url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1&language=en&pcode=tessi190&plugin=1 |title=Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income - EU-SILC survey |publisher=[[Eurostat]] |website=ec.europa.eu |access-date=3 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190320064533/https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1&language=en&pcode=tessi190&plugin=1 |archive-date=20 March 2019 |url-status=live }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190320064533/https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1&language=en&pcode=tessi190&plugin=1 |date=20 March 2019 }}</ref>
| Gini_rank              = 5th
| HDI                    = 0.900 <!--number only-->
| HDI_year               = 2019<!-- Please use the year to which the data refers, not the publication year-->
| HDI_change             = increase <!--increase/decrease/steady-->
| HDI_ref                = <ref name="UNHDR">{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/latest-human-development-index-ranking|title=Human Development Report 2020|language=en|publisher=[[United Nations Development Programme]]|date=10 December 2019|access-date=10 December 2019|format=PDF}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201215100725/http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/latest-human-development-index-ranking |date=15 December 2020 }}</ref>
| HDI_rank               = 27th
|currency                    = [[Koruna Céko]]
|currency_code               = CZK
|time_zone                   = [[Wanci Éropa Tengah|CET]]
|utc_offset                  = +1
|time_zone_DST               = [[Wanci Usum Panas Éropa Tengah|CEST]]
|utc_offset_DST              = +2
|ethnic_groups               = 90,5% Céko,<br />3,7% [[Moravia (grup étnis)|Moravia]],<br />1,9% [[Slovak]],<br />3,9% nu lian jeung nu teu kaspésifikasi<ref>[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/print/ez.html CIA – The World Factbook – Czech Republic<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080422221744/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/print/ez.html |date=2008-04-22 }}</ref><br />
|ethnic_groups_year          = 2001
|drives_on                   = tengen
|cctld                       = [[.cz]]³
|calling_code                = [[Nomor telepon di Céko|+420]]<sup>4</sup>
|footnote1                   = 30 Juni 2010 (See [http://www.czso.cz/eng/csu.nsf/informace/aoby091310.doc Population changes]).
|footnote2                   = Tingkat dumasar kana data IMF 2009
|footnote3                   = Ogé [[.eu]], bareng jeung nagara anggota [[Uni Eropa]] nu lian.
|footnote4                   = Ngagunakeun kode 42 bareng [[Slovakia]] nepi ka 1997.<br />
{{note|KdeDomovMuj}}a. Panarosan rétorika hartina "Lemah éta di mana rorompok kuring aya".
}}
'''Républik Céko''' ('''Cekia'''; [[basa Céko]]: ''Česká republika'', ''Česko'' {{Audio|Cs-Ceska republika Cesko.ogg|déngé}}) mangrupa hiji [[nagara]] di [[Éropa Tengah]] nu diwangun saenggeus bubarna nagara [[Cékoslowakia]]. Nagara ieu tepung wates jeung [[Jérman]] di kulon jeung kalér, [[Polandia]] di kalér, [[Slowakia]] di tenggara, jeung [[Austria]] di kidul.

Di nagara ieu aya [[Sudetenland]], di mana baheula aya séké bangsa [[Jérman]], tapi saenggeus [[Perang Dunya II]], kalobaannana didéportasi sanajan masih loba urang Céko nu mibanda nami Jérman.

== Sajarah ==
{{utama|Sajarah Céko}}
Taneuh Céko muncul dina ahir [[abad ka-9]] wanci dihijian ku [[Dinasti Přemyslid|Přemyslids]]. Karajaan [[Bohémia]] nu ngawasaanna, tapi konflik kaagamaan kawas [[Perang Hussit]] [[abad ka-15]] jeung [[Perang Tilu Puluh Taun]] [[abad ka-17]] ngaruksak. Teras wewengkon ieu aya dina pangaruh [[Habsburg]] jeung mangrupa bagian [[Austria-Hongaria]].

Saenggeus labuhna nagara éta dina [[Perang Dunya I]], Céko jeung tatanggina [[Slowakia]] ngagabung jeung ngawangun républik merdéka [[Cékoslowakia]] dina [[1918]]. Négara anyar ieu boga [[étnis Jérman]] minoritas nu loba, nu nuju ka bubarna Cékoslowakia wanci [[Jérman]] sukses nganéksasi minoritas éta liwat [[Pasatujuan Munchen]] dina [[1938]], jeung Slowakia miboga otonomi nu leuwih gedé, jeung nagara dinamian "Céko-Slowakia". Slowakia salajengna misah deui dina [[1939]] jeung sisa nagara Céko ieu dikawasaan ku Jérman.

Saenggeus [[Perang Dunya II]], Cékoslowakia labuh kana pangaruh [[Uni Soviét]]. Dina [[1968]], hiji invasi ku pasukan [[Pakta Warsawa]] ngahiran usaha pamingpin nagara ieu pikeun ngaliberalkeun partéy nu keur maréntah jeung nyieun "[[sosialisme]] jeung hiji paroman manusa" dina [[Usum Semi Praha]]. Dina [[1989]], Cékoslowakia mibanda kabébasan liwat [[Révolusi Kacébong]]. Dina [[1 Januari]] [[1993]], nagara ieu meupeus kana dua nagara, Républik Céko jeung [[Slowakia|Républik Slowakia]] nu merdéka.

Céko ngagabung kana [[NATO]] dina [[1999]] jeung [[Uni Éropa]] dina [[2004]].

== Politik ==
{{utama|Politik Céko}}
Dumasar kana [[konstitusi]], Républik Céko mangrupa hiji nagara [[démokrasi]] [[parlemén]]ter nu pupuhu nagarana hiji [[Présidén Céko|présidén]] nu dipilih ku parlemén pikeun masa jabat 5 taun. Présidén mibanda hak véto dina législasi, hak imunitas, jeung bisa ngabubarkeun parlemén dina kaayaan katangtu. Anjeunna ogé milih [[Perdana Menteri Céko|perdana menteri]] sarta anggota kabinét dumasar kana proposal ti perdana menteri.

Parlemén Céko (''[[Parlament]]'') mangrupa hiji parlemén bikameral nu diwangun ti ''[[Poslanecká sněmovna]]'' nu kasusun ti 200 korsi nu masa jabatna 4 taun jeung ''[[Sénát]]'' nu kasusun ti 81 korsi nu masa jabatna 6 jeung 2 taun.

== Géografi ==
{{utama|Géografi Céko}}
Céko teu boga wates laut. Di wewengkon [[Bohémia]], aya [[Walungan Elbe]] atawa Labe dina [[basa Céko]] jeung [[Walungan Vltava]], dikurilingan ku pagunungan pondok. Di [[Sudeten]], aya [[Gunung Sněžka]] (1.602 m). Bagian wétan Céko, [[Moravia]], loba pasir jeung aya [[Walungan Morava]] sarta mangrupa cinyusu [[Walungan Oder]] atawa Odra.

== Pambagian adminstratif ==
Céko dibagi kana tilu belas wewengkon administratif (''kraje'', tunggal - ''kraj'') jeung hiji wewengkon [[ibu kota]] (''hlavní město''), nu ditandaan ku *.

[[Gambar:Czech-regions.png|center|Peta Céko warna béda per provinsi]]

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!width="25"|
!Daerah!!Ibu kota
|-
|bgcolor="#FFFFFF"|
|[[Praha]]*||&nbsp;
|-
|bgcolor="#0000CC"|
|[[Bohémia Tengah]] (Středočeský kraj)||kantor-kantorna aya di Praha
|-
|bgcolor="#00CC00"|
|[[Bohémia Kidul]] (Jihočeský kraj)||[[České Budějovice]]
|-
|bgcolor="#CC00CC"|
|[[Plzeň]] (Plzeňský kraj)||[[Plzeň]]
|-
|bgcolor="#CCCCCC"|
|[[Karlovy Vary]] (Karlovarský kraj)||[[Karlovy Vary]]
|-
|bgcolor="#CC9900"|
|[[Usti nad Labem]] (Ústecký kraj)||[[Ústí nad Labem]]
|-
|bgcolor="#666666"|
|[[Liberec]] (Libérécký kraj)||[[Liberec]]
|-
|bgcolor="#00FFCC"|
|[[Hradec Kralove]] (Královéhradecký kraj)||[[Hradec Králové]]
|-
|bgcolor="#FFFF99"|
|[[Pardubice]] (Pardubický kraj)||[[Pardubice]]
|-
|bgcolor="#660066"|
|[[Olomouc]] (Olomoucký kraj)||[[Olomouc]]
|-
|bgcolor="#009900"|
|[[Moravia-Silesia]] (Moravskoslezský kraj)||[[Ostrava]]
|-
|bgcolor="#6C3306"|
|[[Moravia Selatan]] (Jihomoravský kraj)||[[Brno]]
|-
|bgcolor="#00CCFF"|
|[[Zlin]] (Zlínský kraj)||[[Zlín]]
|-
|bgcolor="#CC0000"|
|[[Vysocina]] (Vysočina)||[[Jihlava]]
|}

== Tempo ogé ==
* [[Daptar nagara]]
* [[Slovakia]]
* [[Sudetenland]]

== Catetan suku ==
<references/>

== Tumbu luar ==
{{commons|Category:Czech Republic|Céko}}
{{wikivoyage|Czech Republic}}
* {{en}} [http://www.vlada.cz/1250/eng/aktuality.htm Situs resmi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050403232217/http://www.vlada.cz/1250/eng/aktuality.htm |date=2005-04-03 }}
* {{en}} [http://www.czechtourism.com/index.php?lang=3 Situs resmi pariwisata] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050323021155/http://www.czechtourism.com/index.php?lang=3 |date=2005-03-23 }}
* {{en}} [http://www.myczechrepublic.com/ MyCzechRepublic.com]

{{Kraje Céko}}<br />
{{Éropa}}<br />
{{UE}}<br />
{{Dewan Eropa}}<br />
{{OECD}}<br />
{{OSCE}}<br />
{{WTO}}<br />
{{NATO}}<br />
{{Visegrad}}<br />
{{La Francophonie}}

[[Kategori:Céko| ]]
[[Kategori:Nagara di Éropa Tengah]]


{{geo-stub}}