Témbongkeun sumber pikeun Italia

{{Infobox Country
|native_name       = ''Repubblica italiana''
|conventional_long_name = Républik Italia
|common_name       = Italia
|nickname(s)       = Belpaese
|image_flag        = Flag of Italy.svg
|image_coat        = Italy-Emblem.svg
|symbol_type       = Jata

|image_map         = EU-Italy.svg
|map_caption       = {{map caption|location_color=héjo kolot|region= [[Éropa]]|region_color=kulawu kolot|subregion= [[Uni Éropa]]|subregion_color=héjo|legend=EU-Italy.svg}}
|national_motto    =
|national_anthem = {{lang|it|''[[Il Canto degli Italiani]]''}}{{Spaces|2}}<br /><small>''Lagu Rahayat Italia''</small><br />[[File:Inno di Mameli instrumental.ogg]]
|official_languages = [[Basa Italia|Italia]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=IT|title=Ethnologue report|publisher=Ethnologue.com|date=|accessdate=30-10-2010}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050525075529/http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=IT |date=2005-05-25 }}</ref>

|capital           = [[Roma]]
|latd=41 |latm=54 |latNS=N |longd=12 |longm=29 |longEW=E
|largest_city      = Roma
|largest_metropolitan area      = [[Milan]] jeung [[Napoli]]

|government_type   = [[Républik parleménter]] [[nagara kahijian|kahijian]]
|leader_title1     = [[Présidén Italia|Présidén]]
|leader_name1      = [[Sergio Mattarella]]
|leader_title2     = [[Perdana Menteri Italia|Perdana Menteri]]
|leader_name2      = [[Mario Draghi]]
|legislature       = [[Parlimén Italia|Parlimén]]
|upper_house       = [[Sénat Italia|Sénat Républik]]
|lower_house       = [[Déwan Rakyat Italia|Déwan Rakyat]]

|accessionEUdate   = [[25 Maret]] 1957]] (salah sahiji pawangun)
|EUseats           = 78
|area_rank         = ka-71
|area_magnitude    = 1 E11
|area_km2          = 301.338
|area_sq_mi        = 116.346 <!--Jangan gugurkan [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->

|percent_water     = 2,4
|population_estimate     = 60.605.053<ref name="Istat" >{{it icon}} {{cite web|url=http://www.istat.it/salastampa/comunicati/non_calendario/20110328_00/testointegrale20110328.pdf|title=Monthly demographic balance: January–November 2010|publisher=[[Istat]]|date=28-03-2011|accessdate=2 April 2011}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224183745/https://www.istat.it/salastampa/comunicati/non_calendario/20110328_00/testointegrale20110328.pdf |date=24 December 2018 }}</ref>
|population_estimate_rank = ka-23
|population_estimate_year = Novémber 2010
|population_census       = 56.995.744
|population_census_year  = 2001
|population_density_km2  = 201,1
|population_density_rank = ke-40
|population_density_sq_mi = 520,9<!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->

|GDP_PPP           = $1,771&nbsp;triliun<ref name=autogenerated1 >{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2010/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=101&pr.y=6&sy=2008&ey=2015&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=136&s=NGDP_R%2CNGDP_RPCH%2CNGDP%2CNGDPD%2CNGDP_D%2CNGDPRPC%2CNGDPPC%2CNGDPDPC%2CNGAP_NPGDP%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=|title=World Economic Outlook Database, October 2010|publisher=International Monetary Fund|accessdate=20-02-2011}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111140332/http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2010/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=101&pr.y=6&sy=2008&ey=2015&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=136&s=NGDP_R%2CNGDP_RPCH%2CNGDP%2CNGDPD%2CNGDP_D%2CNGDPRPC%2CNGDPPC%2CNGDPDPC%2CNGAP_NPGDP%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a= |date=2012-01-11 }}</ref>
|GDP_PPP_rank      =
|GDP_PPP_year      = 2010
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $29.417<ref name=autogenerated1 />
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =
|GDP_nominal       = $2,036&nbsp;triliun<ref name=autogenerated1 />
|GDP_nominal_rank  =
|GDP_nominal_year  = 2010
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $33.828<ref name=autogenerated1 />
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank =

|sovereignty_type  = [[Sajarah Italia|Pawangunan]]
|established_event1 = [[Pangahijian Itali|Pangahijian]]
|established_date1 = [[17 Maret]] [[1861]]
|established_event2 = [[Pamungutan sora institusi Italia 1946|Républik]]
|established_date2 = [[2 Juni]] [[1946]]

|HDI               = {{increase}} 0.854<ref name="HDI">{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2010_EN_Table1.pdf|title=Human Development Report 2010|year=2010|publisher=United Nations|accessdate=5-11-2010}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101121150504/http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2010_EN_Table1.pdf |date=2010-11-21 }}</ref>
|HDI_rank          = ka-23
|HDI_year          = 2010
|HDI_category      = <span style="color:#090;">amat&nbsp;tinggi</span>

|currency          = [[Euro]] ([[Lambang euro|€]]){{Smallsup|2}}
|currency_code     = EUR
|country_code      =

|time_zone         = [[Wanci Éropa Tengah|CET]]
|utc_offset        = +1
|time_zone_DST     = [[Wanci Usum Panas Éropa Tengah|CEST]]
|utc_offset_DST    = +2

|drives_on         = Tengen
|cctld             = [[.it]]{{Smallsup|3}}
|calling_code      = 39{{Smallsup|4}}

|Gini              = 32<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2172.html|title=Distribution of family income – Gini index|publisher=CIA – The World Factbook|accessdate=9-07-2010}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090513124910/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2172.html |date=2009-05-13 }}</ref>
|Gini_year         = 2006

|footnote1 = <span style="font-size:120%">Basa Perancis resmi di [[Lebak Aosta]]; [[Basa Slovénia]] resmi di [[Propinsi Trieste]] jeung [[Propinsi Gorizia|Gorizia]]; Basa Jérman jeung [[Latin]] resmi di [[Propinsi Bolzano-Bozen]].<span>

|footnote2 = <span style="font-size:120%">Saméméh 2002, [[Lira Italia]]. Euro ditarima di [[Campione d'Italia]], tapi mata uang resmi di ditu nyaéta [[Franc Swiss]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.comune.campione-d-italia.co.it/ |title=Comune di Campione d'Italia |publisher=Comune.campione-d-italia.co.it |date=14-07-2010 |accessdate=30-10-2010 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110430223743/http://www.comune.campione-d-italia.co.it/ |date=2011-04-30 }}</ref></span>

|footnote3 = <span style="font-size:120%">Domain [[.eu]] ogé dianggo.</span>

|footnote4 = <span style="font-size:120%">Lamun rék nelepon ka [[Campione d'Italia]], kedah nganggo kode telepon Swiss (+41).</span>
}}
'''Italia''' ({{lang-it|Italia}}), ngaran resmi: '''Républik Italia''' ({{lang-it|Repubblica italiana}}<ref>Di Italia, [[Basa di Italia|basa-basa séjén]] ogé diakuaan salaku [[basa wewengkon]] dina [[Piagam Basa Régional jeung Wewengkon Éropa]]. Ngaran resmi nagara Italia dina sakabéh basa-basa éta nyaéta:
* {{lang-eml|Ripòbblica Itagliéna}};
* {{lang-fur|Republiche Taliane}};
* {{lang-lld|Republica taliana}};
* {{lang-lmo|Repùblega Taliana}};
* {{lang-nap|Repubbreca italiana}};
* {{lang-pms|Repùblica Italian-a}};
* {{lang-sc|Repubrica Italiana}};
* {{lang-scn|Ripùbblica di Tàlia}};
* {{lang-vec|Republica Tałiana}}</ref>), nyaéta hiji nagara di [[Éropa]] kidul nu kawangun ti hiji [[samenanjung]] jeung dua pulo gedé di [[Laut Tengah]]: [[Sisilia]] jeung [[Sardinia]]. Italia tepung wates jeung [[Perancis]], [[Swiss]], [[Austria]], jeung [[Slovénia]]. Nagara [[San Marino]] jeung [[Vatikan]] mangrupa [[énklave]] dina wewengkon Italia, samentara [[Campione d'Italia]] mangrupa [[éksklaf]] Italia di Swiss. Nagara Italia kaasup wewengkon saluas 301.338&nbsp;km² (116.347 mil²) nu dipangaruhan ku [[iklim sedeng]]. Kalawan jumlah padumuk 60,4&nbsp;yuta, Italia mangrupa nagara nu [[daptar nagara Éropa dumasar kana jumlah padumuk|jumlah padumukna panglobana kagenep di Éropa]], jeung [[daptar nagara Éropa dumasar kana kapadetan padumuk|pangpadetna ka-23 di dunya]].

<ref name="immaculateheartacademy.org" >{{Cite document
|contribution=Italy: Birthplace of the Renaisssance
|title=European Rennaisance and Reformation
|location=Township of Washington, NJ
|publisher=Immaculate Heart Academy
|publication-date=
|accessdate=20-12-2009
|url=http://www.immaculateheartacademy.org/outside2/socialstudies/kuhns/1%20Italy%20Birthplace%20of%20the%20Renaissance.pdf
|postscript=
}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110427081145/http://www.immaculateheartacademy.org/outside2/socialstudies/kuhns/1%20Italy%20Birthplace%20of%20the%20Renaissance.pdf |date=2011-04-27 }}.</ref>

Saenggeus labuhna Romawi, Italia meupeus kana nagara-nagara leutik (kawas [[Karajaan Sardinia]] jeung [[Kadipatén Milan]]), tapi nagri ini [[panghijian Italia|dihijikeun]] dina taun 1861,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://library.thinkquest.org/TQ0312582/unification.html |title=Unification of Italy |publisher=Library.thinkquest.org |date=4 April 2003 |accessdate=19-11-2009 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090307050237/http://library.thinkquest.org/TQ0312582/unification.html |date=7 March 2009 }}</ref> saenggeus lumangsungna période karusuhan nu kakenal kalawan istilah "''[[Il Risorgimento]]''" ("Kabangkitan"). Dina ahir abad ka-19, dina [[Perang Dunya I]] jeung [[Perang Dunya II]], Italia ngajajah [[Libya]], [[Éritrea]], [[Somalia]], [[Éthiopia]], [[Albania]], [[Rhodes]], [[Dodecanese]], jeung konsési di [[Konsési Tianjin|Tianjin]], Cina.<ref name="allempires.com" >{{cite web |url=http://www.allempires.com/article/index.php?q=italian_colonial |title=The Italian Colonial Empire |publisher=All Empires |date= |accessdate=30-10-2010 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120224012449/http://www.allempires.com/article/index.php?q=italian_colonial |date=2012-02-24 }}</ref> Kiwari Italia miboga laku penting dina budaya, diplomasi, jeung militér Éropa jeung dunya, janten Italia mangrupa salah sahiji kakiatan régional.<ref name="jstor.org">{{cite web |title=jstor.org |publisher=Links.jstor.org |date= |jstor=198801)}}</ref><ref name="Leonardis, 2003, p. 17" >M. De Leonardis, ''Il Mediterraneo nella politica estera italiana del secondo dopoguerra'', Bologna, Il Mulino, 2003, hal. 17</ref><ref name="carabinieri.it">{{cite web |url=http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=it&u=http://www.carabinieri.it/Internet/Editoria/Rassegna%2BArma/&sa=X&oi=translate&resnum=1&ct=result&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dhttp://www.carabinieri.it/Internet/Editoria/Rassegna%252BArma/%26hl%3Den |title=carabinieri.it |publisher=Translate.google.com |date= |accessdate=30-10-2010 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111017191311/http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=it&u=http://www.carabinieri.it/Internet/Editoria/Rassegna%2BArma/&sa=X&oi=translate&resnum=1&ct=result&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dhttp://www.carabinieri.it/Internet/Editoria/Rassegna%252BArma/%26hl%3Den |date=2011-10-17 }}</ref><ref name="books.google.com">{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/?id=X4xw8-Oj9usC&pg=PA157&lpg=PA157&dq=regional+power+italy+in+europe#PPP1,M1 |title=books.google.com |publisher=books.google.com |date= 1998-11-24|accessdate=30-10-2010|isbn=9780415140447}}</ref>

== Étimologi ==
Loba pimikiran ahli sajarah jeung linguistik ngeunaan étimologi ngaran "Italia".<ref name="Manco">Alberto Manco, ''Italia. Disegno storico-linguistico'', 2009, Napoli, L'Orientale, ISBN 978-88-95044-62-0</ref> Dumasar kana salah sahiji panerangan nu leuwih umum, istilah ''[[Italia (Kakaisaran Romawi)|Italia]]'' (ti [[basa Latin]]: ''Italia''),<ref>[[Kamus Basa Latin Oxford|OLD]], hal. 974: "first syll. naturally short (cf. [[Quintilian|Quint.]]''Inst.''1.5.18), and so scanned in <span style="font-variant:small-caps">[[Gaius Lucilius|Lucil.]]</span>825, but in dactylic verse lengthened ''metri gratia''."</ref> dipinjem liwat [[Basa Yunani Kuna|basa Yunani]] ti istilah [[basa Oscan]], ''Víteliú'', nu hartina "lemah énéng" (''cf.'' [[Latin|Lat]] ''vitulus'' "énéng", [[Basa Umbria|Umb]] ''vitlo'' "énéng").<ref>J.P. Mallory and D.Q. Adams, ''Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture'' (London: Fitzroy and Dearborn, 1997), 24.</ref> Sapi mangrupa lambang séké-séké Italia kidul jeung mindeng digambarkeun neunggar ajag Romawi minangka lambang embungeun méré kamerdékaan Italia. Salian ti éta, aya ogé legénda, yén Italia dingaranan ti inohong nu namina [[Italus]].<ref>Dionysius of Halicarnassus,
''Roman Antiquities'', [http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Dionysius_of_Halicarnassus/1B*.html 1.35], on LacusCurtius</ref><ref>Aristotle, ''Politics'', [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0058%3Abook%3D7%3Asection%3D1329b#note-link2 7.1329b] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150910185719/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0058%3Abook%3D7%3Asection%3D1329b#note-link2 |date=2015-09-10 }}, on Perseus</ref><ref>Thucydides, ''The Peloponnesian War'', [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Thuc.+6.2.4&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0200 6.2.4] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924213434/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Thuc.+6.2.4&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0200 |date=2015-09-24 }}, on Perseus</ref>

Ngaran ''Italia'' awalna ngan digunakeun pikeun sabagian wewengkon nu ayeuna ngaranna [[Italia Kidul]] (dumasar kana [[Antiochus ti Syracuse]], di bagian kidul samenanjung [[Bruttium]]). Tapi, dina masa Antiochus, istilah [[Oenotria]] jeung Italia mangrupa sinonim, jeung ngaran éta ogé digunakeun pikeun kalobaan [[Lucania]]. Saterusna, urang Yunani biasa nyebut "Italia" pikeun wewengkon nu leuwih lega, tapi baru dina wanci panalukan Romawi istilah éta bener-bener ngasupkeun sakabéh samenanjung.<ref>Pallottino, M., History of Earliest Italy, trans. Ryle, M & Soper, K. in Jerome Lectures, Seventeenth Series, hal.50</ref>

== Sajarah ==
Hasil pangalian di sakabéh Italia nunjukkeun yén manusa modérn geus aya ti jaman [[Paléolitik]], kira-kira 200.000&nbsp;taun baheula.<ref>Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 2001, ch. 2. ISBN 0-306-46463-2.</ref>

== Wewengkon ==
Italia dibagi kana 20 [[Regione Italia|wewengkon]] (''regioni'', tunggal: ''regione''); lima di antarana miboga status otonomi husus, ditandaan ku *:
* [[Abruzzo]]
* [[Basilicata]]
* [[Calabria]]
* [[Campania]]
* [[Emilia-Romagna]]
* [[Friuli-Venezia Giulia]] *
* [[Latium|Lazio]]
* [[Liguria]]
* [[Lombardia]]
* [[Marche]]
* [[Molise]]
* [[Piemonte]]
* [[Puglia]]
* [[Sardinia]] (Sardegna) *
* [[Sisilia]] (Sicilia) *
* [[Toscana]]
* [[Trentino-Alto Adige]] *
* [[Umbria]]
* [[Valle d'Aosta]] *
* [[Veneto]]

== Géografi ==
{{utama|Géografi Italia}}
Italia kawangun ti [[samenanjung]] gedé nu manjang ka [[Laut Méditérania]], bareng jeung dua pulo gedéna, [[Sisilia]] jeung [[Sardinia]]. Di wétan-kalér nyaéta [[Laut Adriatik]], di tenggara [[Laut Ionia]], teras [[Laut Tirenia]] di kulon-kidul jeung [[Laut Liguria]] di kulon-kalér.

[[Pagunungan Apennina]] minangka tulang tukang samenanjung ieu, manjang ka arah kulon-kalér nepi ka ngagabung jeung [[Alpen]], barisan pagunungan nu ngawangun lengkungan nu ngawatesan Italia di sisi kalér. Di wewengkon ieu ogé dipanggihan [[dataran alluvial]] gedé, [[dataran Po-Venesia]], nu dialiran ku [[Walungan Po]] kalawan loba anak walunganna ngalir ti Alpen, [[Apennina]], jeung [[Dolomites]]. Walungan kondang nu séjén kaasup [[Tiber]], [[Adige]], jeung [[Arno]].

Titik pangluhurna nyaéta [[Gunung Blanc]] (''Monte Bianco'') dina 4.810 m. Sanajan kitu, Italia biasana leuwih dipatalikeun jeung dua [[gunung api]] nu katelah: [[Vésuvius]] deukeut [[Napoli]] jeung [[Étna]] di Sisilia.

== Démografi ==
{{utama|Démografi Italia}}
Padumuk Italia kalobaannana ngagem agama jeung ngagunakeun basa nu sami tapi kalawan budaya, ékonomi, jeung politik nu rupa-rupa. Italia miboga kapadetan padumuk panggedéna kalima di Éropa kalawan 196 padumuk per [[kilométer pasagi]]. Grup minoritas padumuk asli leutik jumlahna.

Sanajan [[Katolik Roma]] mangrupa agama mayoritas (85% nu babar di Italia umumna agamana Katholik), aya sababraha komunitas nu mangrupa bagian Garéja [[Protéstan]], jeung ogé [[Italkim|Bené Roma]] nu geus ngalaksanakeun [[Judaisme]] di Italia dina rébuan taun. Jeung aya ogé komunitas imigran [[Muslim]].

== Tempo ogé ==
* [[Anoia]]
* [[Daptar tokoh Italia]]
* [[Basisir Amalfi]]
* [[Hubungan luar nagri Italia]]
* [[Islam di Italia]]
* [[Daptar Univérsitas di Italia]]
* [[Militér Italia]]
* [[Pariwisata di Italia]]
* [[Transportasi di Italia]]
* [[Mafia]]
* [[Vespa]]

== Catetan suku ==
{{Reflist|2}}

== Tumbu kaluar ==
{{commons|Category:Italy|Italia}}
{{wikivoyage|Italy}}
* {{it}} [http://www.italia.gov.it/ Portal resmi]
* {{it}} [http://www.quirinale.it/ Situs Kaprésidénan] 
* {{it}} [http://www.parlamento.it/ Situs resmi Parlemén] 
* {{en}} [http://www.esteri.gov.it/eng/ Situs Kamenterian Luar Nagri]
* {{en}} [http://www.freeworldmaps.net/europe/italy/map.html Peta Italia]

{{Regione Italia}}<br/>
{{NATO}}<br/>
{{Éropa}}<br/>
{{OSCE}}<br/>
{{OECD}}<br/>
{{Uni Éropa}}<br/>
{{Déwan Éropa}}

[[Kategori:Italia| ]]


{{geo-stub}}