Supa béas

Supa béas
	Schizophyllum commune
Klasifikasi ilmiah
Karajaan:	Fungi
Divisi:	Basidiomycota
Kelas:	Agaricomycetes
Ordo:	Agaricales
Kulawarga:	Schizophyllaceae
Génus:	Schizophyllum
Spésiés:	S. commune
Ngaran binomial
	Schizophyllum commune;
Sinonim
	{{Collapsible list Agaricus alneus L. (1755) Agaricus alneus Reichard (1780) Agaricus multifidus Batsch (1786) Merulius alneus (L.) J.F.Gmel. (1792) Merulius alneus (Reichard) Schumach. (1803) }}

Supa béas nyaéta hiji spésiés supa anu aya dina genus Schizophyllum.^[1] Wujudna kawas ombak cai atawa gundukan batu karang. Palebah "Gillies"na kelirna bodas nepika semu konéng. Palebah luhurna tutup katempona leutik, 1–4.5 cm rubak, katempona pejel tapi geunyal. Ieu supa sok disebut ogé supa asang lauk, duméh palebah handapna katempo gillesna ngentép kawas asang lauk. Ieu supa kapanggih hirup ampir di sakuliah dunya.^[2] Hirup liar bijil dina catang kai anu geus bobo, utamana réngsé usum hujan manjing ka halodo. Ieu supa mimiti merentis jaradi kalayan sok ngahaja diarala keur anu buarutuheunmah. Utamana Ngahaja di kumpulkeun pikeun bahan nyieun ubar, kalawan kiwari geus diproduksi dina ukuran industri salaku immunomodulator, antijamur, antineoplastic sarta antiviral, activities anu leuwihluhur tibatan glucan complex carbohydrate.

Ciri mandiri

Schizophyllum commune ilaharna digambarkeun salaku morphological spésiés anu geus loba kapanggih hirup, tapi numutkeun hasil panalungtikan anu leuwih jero kana rupa-rupa spésiés anu ngalimpudan sababaraha spésiés jauh anu henteu loba dipikawanoh, sababaraha supa mibanda sipat pikeun Basidiomycota.^[3]

Asangna (gills), anu ngahasilkeun basidiospora palebah luarna, baris beulah mangsa supa ngagaringan, nya alatan éta pisan, supa ieu sok disarebut supa split gill.^[4]^[5]

Ieu supa mibanda 23.328 jinis kelamin anu béda - béda.^[6] Individu tina jinis kelamin naon waé bisa kompatibel pikeun kawin jeung sakabéhna kajaba jinis kelamin manéhna sorangan. Sanajan kitu, Aya dua lokus genetik nangtukeun jenis kawin, lokus A kalawan 288 alleles sarta lokus B mibanda 81 alleles. Sapasang supa ngan bakal subur lamun boga allele A jeung B anu béda;^[7] nyaéta, unggal kelamin bisa asupkeun pasangan subur kalawan 22.960 batur. Hydrophobin munggaran diisolasi tina Schizophyllum commune. Génom tina Schizophyllum commune diurutkeun dina 2010.^[8]

Kulinér

Sanajan sababaraha sumber nyebutkeun ieu suung teu bisa di dahar, alatan ukuranna leutik tur liat. Tina spésiésna anu teu matak weureu.^[9] Dina 2006, éta loba dikonsumsi di Mexico jeung di tempat séjén di wewengkon tropis.^[10] Di India Wétan, di nagara Manipur éta katelah kanglayen sarta salah sahiji bahan dipikaresep pikeun Manipuri-gaya pancakes disebut paaknam. Di Mizoram, ngaran lokal nyaéta pasi (pa hartina supa, si hartina leutik) jeung éta hiji tina pangluhurna dipeunteun supa bisa didahar diantara masarakat Mizo. Para pangarang/panulis sumanget ngaguar ieu supa, rubbery suung di wewengkon tropis salaku konsékuénsi kanyataan yén ieu supa lembut, suung fleshy gancang garing dina kondisi panas tur beueus, ngajadikeun masalah pamasaran maranéhanana.

Gambar tambahan

Schizophyllum commune Elk Grove, Illinois
Schizophyllum commune in Missouri, US
Schizophyllum commune Grand Rapids, Michigan
Schizophyllum commune in Estonia

Dicutat tina

↑ Heyne, K. (1913). DE NUTTIGE PLANTEN VAN NEDERLANDSCH-INDIË. Library New York Botanical Garden: RUYGROK & Co BATAVIA. p. 15. Diakses tanggal (disungsi) 1 Jan 2022.
↑ Kuo, M. (2003). "Schizophyllum commune". Mushroom Expert. Diakses tanggal 18 February 2020.
↑ Taylor, John; Turner, Elizabeth; Townsend, Jeffrey; Dettman, Jeremy; Jacobson, David (2006). "Eukaryotic microbes, species recognition and the geographic limits of species: examples from the kingdom Fungi". Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 361 (1475): 1947–1963. doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1923. PMC 1764934. PMID 17062413. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1764934.
↑ Guarro, J; Genéj; Stchigel, Am (Jul 1999), "Developments in Fungal Taxonomy", Clinical Microbiology Reviews 12 (3): 454–500, ISSN 0893-8512, PMC 100249, PMID 10398676, doi:10.1128/CMR.12.3.454
↑ Chowdhary, A; Kathuria, S; Agarwal, K; Meis, JF (Nov 2014). "Recognizing filamentous basidiomycetes as agents of human disease: A review". Med Mycol 52 (8): 782–97. doi:10.1093/mmy/myu047. PMID 25202126.
↑ Kothe, Erika (1999). "Mating types and pheromone recognition in the homobasidiomycete Schizophyllum commune". Fungal Genetics and Biology 27 (2–3): 146–152. doi:10.1006/fgbi.1999.1129.
↑ Kothe, Erika (1996). "Tetrapolar fungal mating types: Sexes by the thousands". FEMS Microbiology Reviews 18 (1): 65–87. doi:10.1016/0168-6445(96)00003-4. PMID 8672296.
↑ Robin A Ohm; De Jong, JF; Lugones, LG; Aerts, A; Kothe, E; Stajich, JE; De Vries, RP; Record, E et al. (Jul 2010), "Genome sequence of the model mushroom Schizophyllum commune", Nature Biotechnology 28 (9): 957–63, PMID 20622885, doi:10.1038/nbt.1643
↑ Miller Jr., Orson K.; Miller, Hope H. (2006). North American Mushrooms: A Field Guide to Edible and Inedible Fungi. Guilford, CN: FalconGuide. p. 139. ISBN 978-0-7627-3109-1.
↑ Ruán-Soto, F.; Garibay-Orijel, R.; Cifuentes, J. (2006). "Process and dynamics of traditional selling of wild edible mushrooms in tropical Mexico". Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 2 (1): 3. doi:10.1186/1746-4269-2-3. PMC 1360659. PMID 16393345. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1360659.

Tutumbu ka luar

Média nu patali jeung Schizophyllum commune di Wikimedia Commons
Data nu patali jeung Schizophyllum commune di Wikispecies
"Schizophyllum commune", MykoWeb
"Tom Volk's Fungus of the Month for February 2000

[“Heyne”-1] Heyne, K. (1913). DE NUTTIGE PLANTEN VAN NEDERLANDSCH-INDIË. Library New York Botanical Garden: RUYGROK & Co BATAVIA. p. 15. Diakses tanggal (disungsi) 1 Jan 2022.

[2] Kuo, M. (2003). "Schizophyllum commune". Mushroom Expert. Diakses tanggal 18 February 2020.

[3] Taylor, John; Turner, Elizabeth; Townsend, Jeffrey; Dettman, Jeremy; Jacobson, David (2006). "Eukaryotic microbes, species recognition and the geographic limits of species: examples from the kingdom Fungi". Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 361 (1475): 1947–1963. doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1923. PMC 1764934. PMID 17062413. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1764934.

[4] Guarro, J; Genéj; Stchigel, Am (Jul 1999), "Developments in Fungal Taxonomy", Clinical Microbiology Reviews 12 (3): 454–500, ISSN 0893-8512, PMC 100249, PMID 10398676, doi:10.1128/CMR.12.3.454

[5] Chowdhary, A; Kathuria, S; Agarwal, K; Meis, JF (Nov 2014). "Recognizing filamentous basidiomycetes as agents of human disease: A review". Med Mycol 52 (8): 782–97. doi:10.1093/mmy/myu047. PMID 25202126.

[Kothe_1999-6] Kothe, Erika (1999). "Mating types and pheromone recognition in the homobasidiomycete Schizophyllum commune". Fungal Genetics and Biology 27 (2–3): 146–152. doi:10.1006/fgbi.1999.1129.

[7] Kothe, Erika (1996). "Tetrapolar fungal mating types: Sexes by the thousands". FEMS Microbiology Reviews 18 (1): 65–87. doi:10.1016/0168-6445(96)00003-4. PMID 8672296.

[8] Robin A Ohm; De Jong, JF; Lugones, LG; Aerts, A; Kothe, E; Stajich, JE; De Vries, RP; Record, E et al. (Jul 2010), "Genome sequence of the model mushroom Schizophyllum commune", Nature Biotechnology 28 (9): 957–63, PMID 20622885, doi:10.1038/nbt.1643

[Miller_2006-9] Miller Jr., Orson K.; Miller, Hope H. (2006). North American Mushrooms: A Field Guide to Edible and Inedible Fungi. Guilford, CN: FalconGuide. p. 139. ISBN 978-0-7627-3109-1.

[10] Ruán-Soto, F.; Garibay-Orijel, R.; Cifuentes, J. (2006). "Process and dynamics of traditional selling of wild edible mushrooms in tropical Mexico". Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine 2 (1): 3. doi:10.1186/1746-4269-2-3. PMC 1360659. PMID 16393345. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1360659.

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