Sianida
Pidangan
Sianida nyaéta sanyawa kimia anu ngandung gugus siano (C≡N, atom karbon jeung nitrogén pabeungkeut rangkep tilu). Ilaharna, sianida anorganik téh garam tina anion CN−[1][2]. Sanyawa organik nu boga gugus fungsi –C≡N disebut nitril. Ti antara rupa-rupa sanyawaan sianida, lolobanaana mah gas, anu mun bisa ngaleupaskeun ion sianida CN− bisa bahya pikeun sasatoan[3].
Conto nitril nyaéta CH3CN, asétonitril (étananitril mun ceuk IUPAC téa mah), atawa nu ogé katelah sianida métil. Nitril teu ngaleupaskeun ion sianida.Gugus fungsi nu ngabeungkeut hindoksil jeung sianida dina hiji atom karbon disebutna sianohidrin, anu bisa ngalaman hidrolisis jadi hidrogén sianida jeung sanyawaan karbonil (keton atawa aldehida).
Rujukan
[édit | édit sumber]- ↑ Greenwood, N. N.; & Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd Edn.), Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4.
- ↑ G. L. Miessler and D. A. Tarr “Inorganic Chemistry” 3rd Ed, Pearson/Prentice Hall publisher, ISBN 0-13-035471-6.
- ↑ "Environmental and Health Effects of Cyanide". International Cyanide Management Institute. 2006. Diakses tanggal 4 August 2009. Archived 30 Nopémber 2012 di Wayback Machine
Bacaeun
[édit | édit sumber]- Institut national de recherche et de sécurité (1997). "Cyanure d'hydrogéne et solutions aqueuses Archived 2006-02-20 di Wayback Machine". Fiche toxicologique n° 4, Paris:INRS, 5pp. (PDF file, in French)
- Institut national de recherche et de sécurité (1997). "Cyanure de sodium. Cyanure de potassium Archived 2006-02-20 di Wayback Machine". Fiche toxicologique n° 111, Paris:INRS, 6pp. (PDF file, in French)
Tumbu kaluar
[édit | édit sumber]- ATSDR medical management guidelines for cyanide poisoning (US) Archived 2015-12-24 di Wayback Machine
- HSE recommendations for first aid treatment of cyanide poisoning (UK)
- Hydrogen cyanide and cyanides (CICAD 61)
- IPCS/CEC Evaluation of antidotes for poisoning by cyanides
- National Pollutant Inventory - Cyanide compounds fact sheet
- Eating apple seeds is safe despite the small amount of cyanide
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