Témbongkeun sumber pikeun Éritréa

{{Infobox country
|native_name              = {{Unicode|ሃገረ ኤርትራ}}<br />''Hagere Ertra'' <br />دولة إرتريا<br />''Dawlat Iritrīya''<br />State of Eritrea
|conventional_long_name   = Nagara Éritréa
|common_name              = Éritréa
|image_flag               = Flag of Eritrea.svg
|image_coat               = Coat of arms of Eritrea (or-argent-azur).svg
|symbol_type              = Emblem
|image_map                = Eritrea (Africa orthographic projection).svg
|national_anthem          = ''[[Ertra, Ertra, Ertra]]''<br />''Eritrea, Eritrea, Eritrea''
|official_languages = [[Basa Tigrinya]], [[Basa Arab]], [[Basa Inggris]]
<ref name="cia_factbook">[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/er.html CIA – The World Factbook – Eritrea] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200515225510/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/er.html |date=2020-05-15 }}</ref>
|demonym                  = Eritrean
|ethnic_groups            = 55% [[Urang Tigray-Tigrinya|Tigrinya]], 30% [[Urang Tigre|Tigre]], 4% [[Urang Saho|Saho]], 2% [[Urang Kunama|Kunama]], 2% [[Urang Rashaida|Rashaida]], 2% [[Urang Bilen|Bilen]], 5% nu lian ([[Urang Afar|Afar]], [[Urang Beni|Beni]], [[Urang Amir|Amir]], [[Urang Nera|Nera]]) (pakr. 2010)  <ref name="cia_factbook"/>
|capital                  = [[Asmara]]
|latd= 15|latm=20 |latNS=N |longd=38 |longm=55 |longEW=E
|largest_city             = [[Asmara]]
|government_type          =  [[Pamaréntahan samentawis]] 
                             |leader_title1            = [[Daptar pupuhu nagara Éritréa|Présidén]]
|leader_name1             = [[Isaias Afewerki]]
|sovereignty_type         = [[Kamerdikaan]]
|sovereignty_type         = [[Kamerdikaan]]
|established_event1       = Ti [[Italia]]
|established_date1        = Nopémber 1941
|established_event2       = Ti [[Britania Raya]] dina [[Mandat PBB]]
|established_date2        = 1951
|established_event3       = Ti [[Éthiopia]] ''[[de facto]]''
|established_date3        = 24 Méi 1991
|established_event4       = Ti [[Éthiopia]] ''[[de jure]]''
|established_date4        = 24 Méi 1993
|area_rank                = ka-100
|area_magnitude           = 1 E11
|area                 = 117.600
|areami²               = 45.405 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|percent_water            = 0,14%
|population_estimate      = 5.824.000
|population_estimate_rank = ka-109
|population_estimate_year = 2011
|population_census        = 5.291.370
|population_census_year   = 2008
|population_density   = 43,1
|population_densitymi² = 111,7 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|population_density_rank  = ka-165
|GDP_PPP                  = $3,625 milyar<ref name=imf2>{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=29&pr.y=7&sy=2008&ey=2011&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=643&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=|title=Eritrea|publisher=International Monetary Fund|accessdate=2011-11-06}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301022826/https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=29&pr.y=7&sy=2008&ey=2011&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=643&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a= |date=2021-03-01 }}</ref>
|GDP_PPP_year             = 2011
|GDP_PPP_per_capita       = $720<ref name=imf2/>
|GDP_nominal              = $2,590 milyar<ref name=imf2/>
|GDP_nominal_year         = 2011
|GDP_nominal_per_capita   = $472<ref name=imf2/>
|HDI                      = {{Steady}} 0,472
|HDI_rank                 = ka-165
|HDI_year                 = 2007
|HDI_category             = <span style="color:#e0584e;">handap</span>
|currency                 = [[Nakfa Éritréa|Nakfa]]
|currency_code            = ERN
|time_zone                = [[Wanci Afrika Wétan|EAT]]
|utc_offset               = +3
|time_zone_DST            = teu kaobsérvasi
|utc_offset_DST           = +3
|drives_on                = katuhu
|cctld                    = [[.er]]
|calling_code             = 291
|ISO_3166-1_alpha2        = ER
|ISO_3166-1_alpha3        = ERI
|ISO_3166-1_numeric       = 232
|sport_code               = ERI
|vehicle_code             = ER
|footnote1                =,.<ref name="revues1">{{cite web |url=http://cy.revues.org/document39.html |title=Les langues en Erythrée |publisher=Cy.revues.org |date=2000-01-14 |accessdate=2010-05-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100106012237/http://cy.revues.org/document39.html |date=2010-01-06 }}</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web |url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/profiles/Eritrea.pdf |title=Eritrea |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2010-05-02 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150505052827/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/profiles/Eritrea.pdf |date=2015-05-05 }}</ref>
}}
'''Eritréa''' ([[Ge'ez alphabet|Ge'ez]]: {{Unicode|ኤርትራ}} {{Unicode|''ʾErtrā''}}, [[Basa Arab]]: إرتريا ''Iritrīyā''), resmina '''Nagara Éritréa''', mangrupa hiji nagara di [[Tanduk Afrika]]. Ngaran "Éritréa" diturunan ti kecap basa Yunani, Erethria, nu hartina 'lemah beureum'. Ibu kotana nyaéta [[Asmara]]. Nagara ieu tepung watzs jeung [[Sudan]] di kulon, [[Éthiopia]] di kidul, sarta [[Djibouti]] di tenggara. Bagian kalér-wétan jeung wétan nagara miboga basisir nu lega di gigireun [[Laut Beureum]], di peuntas langsung ti [[Arab Saudi]] jeung [[Yaman]]. [[Kapuloan Dahlak]] jeung sababaraha ti [[Kapuloan Hanish]] mangrupa bagian ti nagara ieu.

== Région jeung distrik ==
:''Artikel utama: [[Région di Éritréa]], [[Distrik di Éritréa]]''
[[Gambar:Un-eritrea.png|thumb|right|300px|Peta Éritréa]]
Éritréa dibagi kana genep [[Région di Éritréa|région]] (''zobas'') jeung dibagi deui kana [[Distrik di Éritréa|distrik]] (''sub-zobas'').
{{-}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! No.
!style="width:10em;"| Région <span style="font-weight:normal;">({{Unicode|ዞባ}})</span>
! Sub-région <span style="font-weight:normal;">({{Unicode|ንኡስ ዞባ}})</span>
|-
! 1
! [[Région Tengah, Éritréa|Tengah]]<br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">({{Unicode|ዞባ ማእከል}})</span>
| Berikh, Ghala-Nefhi, Semienawi Mibraq, Serejaka, Debubawi Mibraq, Semienawi Mi'erab, Debubawi Mi'erab, Asmara
|-
! 2
! [[Région Kidul, Éritréa|Kidul]]<br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">({{Unicode|ዞባ ደቡብ}})</span>
| [[Adi Keyh]], [[Adi Quala]], Areza, [[Debarwa]], Dekemhare, Mai Ayni, Mai Mne, Mendefera, [[Segeneiti]], [[Senafe]], Tserona
|-
! 3
! [[Région Gash-Barka, Éritréa|Gash-Barka]]<br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">({{Unicode|ዞባ ጋሽ ባርካ}})</span>
| [[Agordat]], [[Barentu, Éritréa|Barentu]], Dghe, Forto, Gogne, Haykota, Logo-Anseba, Mensura, Mogolo, Molki, Guluj, Shambuko, Tesseney, La'elay Gash
|-
! 4
! [[Région Anseba, Éritréa|Anseba]]<br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">({{Unicode|ዞባ ዓንሰባ}})</span>
| [[Adi Tekelezan]], Asmat, Elabéréd, Geleb, Hagaz, Halhal, Habero, [[Keren, Éritréa|Keren]], Kerkebet, Sel'a
|-
! 5
! [[Région Laut Beureum Kalér, Éritréa|Laut Beureum Kalér]]<br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">({{Unicode|ዞባ ሰሜናዊ ቀይሕ ባሕሪ}})</span>
| [[Afabet]], [[Dahlak Archipelago|Dahlak]], Ghel'alo, Foro, [[Ghinda]], Karura, [[Massawa]], [[Nakfa, Eritrea|Nakfa]], [[She'eb]]
|-
! 6
! [[Région Laut Beureul Kidul, Éritréa|Laut Beureum Kidul]]<br /><span style="font-weight:normal;">({{Unicode|ዞባ ደቡባዊ ቀይሕ ባሕሪ}})</span>
| Are'eta, Dankalia Tengah, Dankalia Kidul, [[Assab]]
|}

== Réferénsi ==
{{reflist|30em}}

== Bacaan salajengna ==
{{refbegin|colwidth=30em}}
* Cliffe, Lionel; Connell, Dan; Davidson, Basil (2005), ''Taking on the Superpowers: Collected Articles on the Eritrean Revolution (1976–1982)''. Red Séa Press, ISBN 1-56902-188-0
* Cliffe, Lionel & Davidson, Basil (1988), ''The Long Struggle of Eritrea for Independence and Constructive Peace''. Spokesman Press, ISBN 0-85124-463-7
* Connell, Dan (1997), ''Against All Odds: A Chronicle of the Eritrean Revolution With a New Afterword on the Postwar Transition''. Red Séa Press, ISBN 1-56902-046-9
* Connell, Dan (2001), ''Rethinking Revolution: New Strategies for Democracy & Social Justice : The Experiences of Eritrea, South Africa, Palestine & Nicaragua''. Red Séa Press, ISBN 1-56902-145-7
* Connell, Dan (2004), ''Conversations with Eritrean Political Prisoners''. Red Séa Press, ISBN 1-56902-235-6
* Connell, Dan (2005), ''Building a New Nation: Collected Articles on the Eritrean Revolution (1983–2002)''. Red Séa Press, ISBN 1-56902-198-8
* Firebrace, James & Holand, Stuart (1985), ''Never Kneel Down: Drought, Development and Liberation in Eritrea''. Red Séa Press, ISBN 0-932415-00-8
* Gebre-Medhin, Jordan (1989), ''Peasants and Nationalism in Eritrea''. Red Séa Press, ISBN 0-932415-38-5
* Hatem Elliesie: ''Decentralisation of Higher Education in Eritrea'', Afrika Spectrum, Vol. 43 (2008) No. 1, p.&nbsp;115–120.
* [[Justin Hill|Hill, Justin]] (2002), '[[Ciao Asmara, A classic account of contemporary Africa]]'.  Little, Brown, ISBN 978-0-349-11526-9
* Iyob, Ruth (1997), ''The Eritrean Struggle for Independence : Domination, Resistance, Nationalism, 1941–1993''. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-59591-6
* Jacquin-Berdal, Dominique; Plaut, Martin (2004), ''Unfinished Business: Ethiopia and Eritrea at War''. Red Séa Press, ISBN 1-56902-217-8
* Johns, Michael (1992), [http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?r102:E06MY2-393: "Does Democracy Have a Chance", ''Congressional Record'', May 6 1992] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130823083654/http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?r102:E06MY2-393: |date=2013-08-23 }}
* [[Thomas Keneally|Keneally, Thomas]] (1990), "To Asmara" ISBN 0-446-39171-9
* Kendie, Daniel (2005), ''The Five Dimensions Of The Eritrean Conflict 1941–2004: Deciphering the Geo-Political Puzzle''. Signature Book Printing, ISBN 1-932433-47-3
* Killion, Tom (1998), ''Historical Dictionary of Eritrea''. Scarecrow Press, ISBN 0-8108-3437-5
* Mauri, Arnaldo (2004), "Eritrea's Early Stages in Monetary and Banking Development", ''International Review of Economics'', Vol. LI, n. 4, [http://ideas.repec.org/p/mil/wpdepa/2003-28.html] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111135825/http://ideas.repec.org/p/mil/wpdepa/2003-28.html |date=2012-01-11 }}
* Mauri, Arnaldo (1998), "The First Monetary and Banking Experiences in Eritrea", ''African Review of Money, Finance and Banking'', n. 1–2.
* Müller, Tanja R.: ''Bare life and the developmental State: the Militarization of Higher Education in Eritrea'', Journal of modérn African Studies, Vol. 46 (2008), No. 1, p.&nbsp;1–21.
* {{cite web |last=Ogbaselassie |first=G |date=2006-01-10 |url=http://eri24.com/Article_10043.htm |title=Response to remarks by Mr. David Triesman, Britain's parliamentary under-secretary of state with responsibility for Africa |accessdate=2006-06-07 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061116081151/http://eri24.com/Article_10043.htm |date=2006-11-16 }}
* Pateman, Roy (1998), ''Eritrea: Even the Stones Are Burning''. Red Séa Press, ISBN 1-56902-057-4
* Phillipson, David W. (1998), ''Ancient Ethiopia''.
* Wrong, Michela (2005), ''I Didn't Do It For You: how the world betrayed a small African Nation''. Harper Collins, ISBN 0-06-078092-4
{{refend}}

== Tumbu kaluar ==
{{SisterLinks|Eritrea}}

; Pamaréntahan
*[http://www.shabait.com/index.php  Kamentrian Informasi Éritréa] ''loka pamaréntah resmi''
*{{CIA World Factbook link|er|Eritrea}}
*{{GovPubs|eritrea}}
*{{dmoz|Regional/Africa/Eritrea|Éritréa}}
*{{Wikiatlas|Eritrea}}
*{{wikivoyage|Eritrea}}

{{Template group
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|list  =
{{Countries of Africa}}
{{Countries and territories of the Middle East}}
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}}
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|list  =
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{{Template group
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}}
{{nagara-stub}}
{{geo-stub}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Eritrea}}
[[Kategori:Éritréa| ]]<!--Keep with [space] index at start of list (eponymous category) -->
[[Kategori:Nagara di Afrika]]
[[Kategori:Anggota Pasarikatan Bangsa-Bangsa]]
[[Kategori:Anggota Uni Afrika]]
[[Kategori:Nagara hiji partéy]]
[[Kategori:Nagara nu kirang kawangun]]
[[Kategori:Nagara nu tepung wates jeung Laut Beureum]]
[[Kategori:Nagara ti Samudra Hindia]]
[[Kategori:Nu ngadeg taun 1993]]
[[Kategori:Tanduk Afrika]]
[[Kategori:Wewengkon nu maké basa Arab]]