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Révisi nurutkeun 22 Juli 2006 01.41

Tulisan Jepang

Kanji 漢字

Kana 仮名

Pamakéan

Rōmaji ローマ字

Man'yōgana (万葉仮名) nyaeta bentuk kana heubeul dina Basa Jepang nu make karakter Basa Cina jeung ngagambarkeun tulisan Basa Jepang. Teu pati kapuluruh sacara jentre ti mimiti iraha dipakena, diperkirakeun mimiti dipake dina awal abad kagenep. Ngaran man'yōgana asalna tina Man'yōshū (万葉集, Antologi Myriad Leaves), hiji antologi sajak Basa Jepang waktu periode Nara ditulis dina man'yōgana.

Man'yōgana leuwih loba make kanji keur nilai fonetikna tinimbang hartina. Sababarha kanji dipake keur nembongkeun sora nu sarua, sarta dina praktekna nu nulis bakal ngahijikeun kanji nu ampir sarua. Kanji nu remen dipake dina man'yōgana ahirna robah jadi hiragana jeung katakana. Hiragana diwangun tina parobahan man'yōgana nu ditulis bagean luhur cursive, dina gaya sōsho; katakana dumasar kana bagean-bagean man'yōgana, sarta mimiti dirobah ku pendeta Buddha dina bentuk steno. Dina sababaraha hurup, hiji karakter man'yōgana keur hiji suku kata nu ilahar dina hiragana, sarta beda jeung dina katakana; contona, hiragana る aslna tina man'yōgana 留, katakana ル asalna tina man'yōgana 流. Panalutingtikan man'yōgana nembongkeun yen sora teu ditembongkeung ku hiragana jeung katakana, kaasup dalapan sora vokal, saperti nu dipake ayeuna nyaeta ngan lima hurup vokal.

Gabungan tina sababaraha kanji keur hiji suku kata dipake dina hentaigana (変体仮名), susunan kana sejen tina. Hentaigana resmi teu dipake dina taun 1900.

Man'yōgana masih dipake keur sababaraha tempat di Jepang kiwari, utama di Kyushu. Fenomena nu ampir sarua jeung man'yōgana, disebut ateji (当て字), masih aya, numana kecap (kaasup injeuman) dieja make: contona, 倶楽部 (kurabu, kleub).

Tipe Manyogana

Dina man'yōgana, kanji dipetakeun kana sora ku sababaraha cara, kadangkala langsung, kadangkala teu langsung.

Dumasar kana cara maca/onyomi (Shakuon kana 借音仮名)
- Hiji karakter keur hiji mora
  - Dipake kabeh: 以 (い), 呂 (ろ), 波 (は)
  - Dipake sabagean: 安 (あ), 楽 (ら), 天 (て)
- Hiji karakter keur dua mora: 信 (しな), 覧 (らむ), 相 (さが)
Dumasar kana harti/kunyomi (Shakkun kana 借訓仮名)
- Hiji karakter keur hiji mora
  - Dipake kabeh: 女 (め), 毛 (け), 蚊 (か)
  - Dipake sabagean: 石 (し), 跡 (と), 市 (ち)
- Hiji karakter keur dua mora: 蟻 (あり), 巻 (まく), 鴨 (かも)
- Dua karakter keur hiji mora: 嗚呼 (あ), 五十 (い), 可愛 (え)

Tumbu kaluar

List of Man'yōgana (Japanese)

@@ Baris ka-1: / Baris ka-1: @@
 {{Japanese writing}}
 '''Man'yōgana''' (万葉仮名) nyaeta bentuk [[kana]] heubeul dina [[Basa Jepang]] nu make [[Chinese character|karakter Basa Cina]] jeung ngagambarkeun tulisan Basa Jepang. Teu pati kapuluruh sacara jentre ti mimiti iraha dipakena, diperkirakeun mimiti dipake dina awal abad kagenep. Ngaran ''man'yōgana'' asalna tina [[Manyoshu|''Man'yōshū'']] (万葉集, Antologi Myriad Leaves), hiji antologi [[Japanese poetry|sajak Basa Jepang]] waktu [[Nara period|periode Nara]] ditulis dina ''man'yōgana''.
-<!--
-Man'yōgana uses kanji for their phonetic value, rather than their meaning. Several kanji could be used to represent the same sound, and in practice writers would often choose kanji with felicitous associations. Kanji used in man'yōgana eventually gave rise to [[hiragana]] and [[katakana]]. Hiragana developed from man'yōgana written in the highly [[cursive]], flowing ''[[grass script|sōsho]]'' style; katakana is based on pieces of man'yōgana, and was developed by Buddhist monks as a form of shorthand. In some cases, one man'yōgana character for a given syllable gave rise to the current hiragana equivalent, and a different one gave rise to the current katakana equivalent; for example, the hiragana る is derived from the man'yōgana 留, the katakana ル is derived from the man'yōgana 流. The study of man'yōgana reveals that it can represent sounds not represented by hiragana and katakana, including eight vocalic sounds, as opposed to the present day usage of five [[vowel]]s only.
+Man'yōgana leuwih loba make kanji keur nilai fonetikna tinimbang hartina. Sababarha kanji dipake keur nembongkeun sora nu sarua, sarta dina praktekna nu nulis bakal ngahijikeun kanji nu ampir sarua. Kanji nu remen dipake dina man'yōgana ahirna robah jadi [[hiragana]] jeung [[katakana]]. Hiragana diwangun tina parobahan man'yōgana nu ditulis bagean luhur ''[[cursive]]'', dina gaya ''[[grass script|sōsho]]''; katakana dumasar kana bagean-bagean man'yōgana, sarta mimiti dirobah ku pendeta Buddha dina bentuk ''steno''. Dina sababaraha hurup, hiji karakter man'yōgana keur hiji suku kata nu ilahar dina hiragana, sarta beda jeung dina katakana; contona, hiragana る aslna tina man'yōgana 留, katakana ル asalna tina man'yōgana 流. Panalutingtikan man'yōgana nembongkeun yen sora teu ditembongkeung ku hiragana jeung katakana, kaasup dalapan sora vokal, saperti nu dipake ayeuna nyaeta ngan lima hurup [[vowel|vokal]].
-The use of multiple kanji for a single syllable also led to [[hentaigana]] (変体仮名), alternate letterforms for hiragana. Hentaigana were officially discouraged in [[1900]].
+Gabungan tina sababaraha kanji keur hiji suku kata dipake dina [[hentaigana]] (変体仮名), susunan [[kana]] sejen tina. Hentaigana resmi teu dipake dina taun [[1900]].
+Man'yōgana masih dipake keur sababaraha tempat di Jepang kiwari, utama di [[Kyushu]]. Fenomena nu ampir sarua jeung man'yōgana, disebut [[ateji]] (当て字), masih aya, numana kecap (kaasup [[loanword|injeuman]]) dieja make: contona, 倶楽部 (''kurabu'', kleub).
-Man'yōgana continue to appear in some regional names of present-day Japan, especially in [[Kyushu]]. A phenomenon similar to man'yōgana, called [[ateji]] (当て字), still occurs, where words (including [[loanword]]s) are spelled out using kanji for their phonetic value: for example, 倶楽部 (''kurabu'', club).
--->
 [[Image:Katakana_origine.png|thumb|300px|left|Kasaruaan Katakana jeung man'yōgana (bagean man'yōgana nu jadi katakana diwarnaan beureum)]]
 [[Image:Hiragana_origin.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Parobahan hiragana tina man'yōgana]]