Runtuyan Kaisar Jepang
Pidangan
Di handap ieu runtuyan Kaisar-kaisar Jepang. Tanggal keur 28 kaisar mimiti jeung hususna 16 mimiti, nyaéta dumasar kana sistim Kalénder Jepang.[perlu cutatan] Ieu henteu siga nagara bagéan Jepang nu diwangun dina taun 660 SM; tempo ogé Yamato period, Himiko.[perlu cutatan] Runtuyan ngaran Jepang séjén atau ngaran kaisar séjénna (追尊天皇, 尊称天皇, 異説に天皇とされる者, 天皇に準ずる者, 自称天皇) bisa ditempo dina kaca wikipedia Basa Jepang ja:天皇の一覧 [perlu cutatan]
# | Kawasa | Ngaran kakawasaan | Ngaran pribadi | Catetan |
---|---|---|---|---|
Legendary Emperors | ||||
1 | 660 SM nepi ka 585 SM | Emperor Jimmu | Kamuyamato Iwarebiko | Presumed Legendary; claimed descent from the sun goddess, Amaterasu[1] |
2 | 581 SM nepi ka 549 SM | Emperor Suizei | Kamu Nunagawamimi no Mikoto | Presumed Legendary.[2] |
3 | 549 SM nepi ka 511 SM | Emperor Annei | Shikitsuhiko Tamademi no Mikoto | Presumed Legendary.[3] |
4 | 510 SM nepi ka 476 SM | Emperor Itoku | Oho Yamatohiko Sukitomo no Mikoto | Presumed Legendary.[3] |
5 | 475 SM nepi ka 393 SM | Emperor Kōshō | Mimatsuhiko Kaesine no Mikoto | Presumed Legendary.[4] |
6 | 392 SM nepi ka 291 SM | Emperor Kōan | Oho Yamato Tarasihiko Kuniosi Hito no Mikoto | Presumed Legendary.[5] |
7 | 290 SM nepi ka 215 SM | Emperor Kōrei | Oho Yamato Nekohiko Futoni no Mikoto | Presumed Legendary.[6] |
8 | 214 SM nepi ka 158 SM | Emperor Kōgen | Oho Yamato Nekohiko Kuni Kuru no Mikoto | Presumed Legendary.[7] |
9 | 157 SM nepi ka 98 SM | Emperor Kaika | Waka Yamato Nekohiko Oho Bibino no Mikoto | Presumed Legendary.[8] |
10 | 97 SM nepi ka 30 SM | Emperor Sujin | Mimaki Irihiko Inie no Mikoto | Presumed Legendary.[9] |
11 | 29 SM nepi ka 70 | Emperor Suinin | Ikume Irihiko Isatsi no Mikoto | Presumed Legendary.[10] |
12 | 71 nepi ka 130 | Emperor Keikō | Oho Tarasihiko Osirowake no Mikoto | Presumed Legendary.[11] |
13 | 131 nepi ka 191 | Emperor Seimu | Waka Tarsihiko | Presumed Legendary.[12] |
14 | 192 nepi ka 200 | Emperor Chūai | Tarasi Nakatsuhiko no Mikoto | Presumed Legendary.[13] |
201 nepi ka 269 | Empress Jingū | Okinaga Tarashihime no Mikoto | Presumed Legendary; interregnum.[14] | |
Yamato Period (Kofun Period) | ||||
15 | 270 nepi ka 310 | Emperor Ōjin | Fondano Miko no Mikoto / Otomowake no Mikoto / Humudawake no Mikoto | Last proto-historical emperor, deified as Hachiman.[15] |
16 | 313 nepi ka 399 | Emperor Nintoku | Oho Sazaki no Mikoto | Inaccurate dates.[16] |
17 | 400 nepi ka 405 | Emperor Richū | Isaho Wake no Mikoto | Inaccurate dates.[17] |
18 | 406 nepi ka 410 | Emperor Hanzei | Misu wa Wake no Mikoto | Inaccurate dates.[18] |
19 | 411 nepi ka 453 | Emperor Ingyō | Wo Asazuma Wakugo no Sukune | Inaccurate dates.[19] |
20 | 453 nepi ka 456 | Emperor Ankō | Anaho no Mikoto | Inaccurate dates.[20] |
21 | 456 nepi ka 479 | Emperor Yūryaku | Oho Hatsuneno no Mikoto | Inaccurate dates.[21] |
22 | 480 nepi ka 484 | Emperor Seinei | Siraga Takehiro Kuni Osi Wakai Yamato Neko no Mikoto | Inaccurate dates.[22] |
23 | 485 nepi ka 487 | Emperor Kenzō | Ohoke no Mikoto | Inaccurate dates.[23] |
24 | 488 nepi ka 498 | Emperor Ninken | Ohosi(Ohosu) no Mikoto/ Simano Iratsuko | Inaccurate dates.[24] |
25 | 498 nepi ka 506 | Emperor Buretsu | Wohatsuse Wakasazaki | Inaccurate dates.[25] |
26 | 507 nepi ka 531 | Emperor Keitai | Ōto/Hikofuto (Hikofuto no Mikoto/Ōdo no Sumera Mikoto) | Possible founder of new dynasty.[26] |
27 | 531 nepi ka 535 | Emperor Ankan | Hirokuni Oshitake Kanahi no Mikoto | Inaccurate dates.[27] |
28 | 535 nepi ka 539 | Emperor Senka | Takéo Hirokuni Oshitate no Mikoto | Inaccurate dates.[28] |
Asuka period (592-710) | ||||
29 | 539 nepi ka 571 | Emperor Kimmei | Amekuni Oshiharuki Hironiwa no Sumera Mikoto | Traditional dates.[29] |
30 | 572 nepi ka 585 | Emperor Bidatsu | Osada no Nunakura no Futotamashiki no Mikoto | Traditional dates.[30] |
31 | 585 nepi ka 587 | Emperor Yōmei | Ooe/Tachibana no Toyohi no Sumera Mikoto | Traditional dates.[31] |
32 | 587 nepi ka 592 | Emperor Sushun | Hatsusebe no (Wakasasagi) Mikoto | Traditional dates.[32] |
33 | 592 nepi ka 628 | Empress Suiko | Nukatabe/Toyomike Kashikiyahime | First non-legendary female emperor (Prince Shotoku acted as her regent); traditional dates.[33] |
34 | 629 nepi ka 641 | Emperor Jomei | Tamura (Oki Nagatarashihi Hironuka no Sumera Mikoto) | Traditional dates.[34] |
35 | 642 nepi ka 645 | Empress Kōgyoku | Takara (Ame Toyotakaraikashi Hitarashi Hime no Sumera Mikoto) | Traditional dates,[35] reigned twice |
36 | 645 nepi ka 654 | Emperor Kōtoku | Karu (Ame Yorozu Toyohi no Sumera Mikoto) | Traditional dates.[36] |
37 | 655 nepi ka 661 | Empress Saimei | -- See 35 above—traditional dates.[37] | |
38 | 661 nepi ka 672 | Emperor Tenji | Katsuragi/Nakano-ooe (Ame Mikoto Hirakasuwake no Mikoto/Amatsu Mikoto Sakiwake no Mikoto) | Traditional dates.[38] |
39 | 672 | Emperor Kōbun | Ōtomo | Posthumously named (1870),[39] usurped by Temmu |
40 | 672 nepi ka 686 | Emperor Temmu | Ōama/Ohoshiama/Ōsama (Ame no Nunahara Oki no Mahito no Sumera Mikoto) | Traditional dates.[40] |
41 | 686 nepi ka 697 | Empress Jitō | Unonosarara (Takama no Harahiro no Hime no Sumera Mikoto) | Traditional dates.[41] |
42 | 697 nepi ka 707 | Emperor Mommu | Karu (Ame no Mamune Toyoohoji no Sumera Mikoto) | Traditional dates.[42] |
43 | 707 nepi ka 715 | Empress Gemmei | Ahe (Yamatoneko Amatsu Mishiro Toyokuni Narihime no Sumera Mikoto) | Traditional dates.[43] |
Nara Period (710-794) | ||||
44 | 715 nepi ka 724 | Empress Genshō | Hidaka/Niinomi (Yamatoneko Takamizu Kiyotarashi Hime no Sumera Mikoto) | Traditional dates.[44] |
45 | 724 nepi ka 749 | Emperor Shōmu | Obito (Ameshirushi Kunioshiharuki Toyosakurahiko no Sumera Mikoto) | Traditional dates.[45] |
46 | 749 nepi ka 758 | Empress Kōken | Abe (Yamatoneko no Sumera Mikoto) | Traditional dates,[46] reigned twice |
47 | 758 nepi ka 764 | Emperor Junnin | Ōi | Posthumously named (1870),[47] dethroned by Shōtoku |
48 | 764 nepi ka 770 | Empress Shōtoku | -- See 46 above -- traditional dates.[48] | |
49 | 770 nepi ka 781 | Emperor Kōnin | Shirakabe (Amemune Takatsugi no Mikoto) | Traditional dates.[49] |
Periode Heian (794-1192) | ||||
50 | 781 nepi ka 806 | Emperor Kammu | Yamabe (Yamatoneko Amatsu Hitsugi Iyaderi no Mikoto) | Traditional dates.[50] |
51 | 806 nepi ka 809 | Emperor Heizei | Ate (Yamatoneko Améoshikuni Takahiko no Mikoto) | Traditional dates.[51] |
52 | 809 nepi ka 823 | Emperor Saga | Kamino | Traditional dates.[52] |
53 | 823 nepi ka 833 | Emperor Junna | Ōtomo | Traditional dates.[53] |
54 | 833 nepi ka 850 | Emperor Ninmyō | Masara | Traditional dates.[54] |
55 | 850 nepi ka 858 | Emperor Montoku | Michiyasu | Traditional dates.[55] |
56 | 858 nepi ka 876 | Emperor Seiwa | Korehito | Traditional dates.[56] |
57 | 876 nepi ka 884 | Emperor Yōzei | Sadaakira | Traditional dates.[57] |
58 | 884 nepi ka 887 | Emperor Kōkō | Tokiyasu | Traditional dates.[58] |
59 | 887 nepi ka 897 | Emperor Uda | Sadami | Traditional dates.[59] |
60 | 897 nepi ka 930 | Emperor Daigo | Atsuhito | Traditional dates.[60] |
61 | 930 nepi ka 946 | Emperor Suzaku | Yutaakira | Traditional dates.[61] |
62 | 946 nepi ka 967 | Emperor Murakami | Nariakira | Traditional dates.[62] |
63 | 967 nepi ka 969 | Emperor Reizei | Norihira | Traditional dates.[63] |
64 | 969 nepi ka 984 | Emperor En'yū | Morihira | Traditional dates.[64] |
65 | 984 nepi ka 986 | Emperor Kazan | Morosada | Traditional dates.[65] |
66 | 986 nepi ka 1011 | Emperor Ichijō | Yasuhito/Kanéhito | Traditional dates.[66] |
67 | 1011 nepi ka 1016 | Emperor Sanjō | Okisada/Iyasada | Traditional dates.[67] |
68 | 1016 nepi ka 1036 | Emperor Go-Ichijō | Atsuhira | Traditional dates.[68] |
69 | 1036 nepi ka 1045 | Emperor Go-Suzaku | Atsunaga/Atsuyoshi | Traditional dates.[69] |
70 | 1045 nepi ka 1068 | Emperor Go-Reizei | Chikahito | Traditional dates.[70] |
71 | 1068 nepi ka 1073 | Emperor Go-Sanjō | Takahito | Traditional dates.[71] |
72 | 1073 nepi ka 1086 | Emperor Shirakawa | Sadahito | Traditional dates.[72] |
73 | 1087 nepi ka 1107 | Emperor Horikawa | Taruhito | Traditional dates.[73] |
74 | 1107 nepi ka 1123 | Emperor Toba | Munehito | Traditional dates.[74] |
75 | 1123 nepi ka 1142 | Emperor Sutoku | Akihito | Traditional dates.[75] |
76 | 1142 nepi ka 1155 | Emperor Konoe | Narihito | Traditional dates.[76] |
77 | 1155 nepi ka 1158 | Emperor Go-Shirakawa | Masahito | Traditional dates.[77] |
78 | 1158 nepi ka 1165 | Emperor Nijō | Morihito | Traditional dates.[78] |
79 | 1165 nepi ka 1168 | Emperor Rokujō | Yorihito | Traditional dates.[79] |
80 | 1168 nepi ka 1180 | Emperor Takakura | Norihito | Traditional dates.[79] |
81 | 1180 nepi ka 1185 | Emperor Antoku | Tokihito | Traditional dates.[80] |
82 | 1183 nepi ka 1198 | Emperor Go-Toba | Takahira | Traditional dates.[81] |
Kamakura Period (1192-1333) | ||||
83 | 1198 nepi ka 1210 | Emperor Tsuchimikado | Tamehito | Traditional dates.[82] |
84 | 1210 nepi ka 1221 | Emperor Juntoku | Morihira/Morinari | Traditional dates.[83] |
85 | 1221 | Emperor Chūkyō | Kanéhira/Kanenari | Pothumously named (1870).[84] unthroned |
86 | 1221 nepi ka 1232 | Emperor Go-Horikawa | Yutahito | Traditional dates.[85] |
87 | 1232 nepi ka 1242 | Emperor Shijō | Mitsuhito/Hidehito | Traditional dates.[86] |
88 | 1242 nepi ka 1246 | Emperor Go-Saga | Kunihito | Traditional dates.[87] |
89 | 1246 nepi ka 1260 | Emperor Go-Fukakusa | Hisahito | Traditional dates.[88] |
90 | 1260 nepi ka 1274 | Emperor Kameyama | Tsunehito | Traditional dates.[89] |
91 | 1274 nepi ka 1287 | Emperor Go-Uda | Yohito | Traditional dates.[90] |
92 | 1287 nepi ka 1298 | Emperor Fushimi | Hirohito | Traditional dates.[91] |
93 | 1298 nepi ka 1301 | Emperor Go-Fushimi | Tanéhito | Traditional dates.[92] |
94 | 1301 nepi ka 1308 | Emperor Go-Nijō | Kuniharu | Traditional dates.[93] |
95 | 1308 nepi ka 1318 | Emperor Hanazono | Tomihito | Traditional dates.[94] |
96 | 1318 nepi ka 1339 | Emperor Go-Daigo | Takaharu | [95] Southern Court |
Northern Court | ||||
1331 nepi ka 1333 | Emperor Kōgon | Kazuhito | [96] | |
1336 nepi ka 1348 | Emperor Kōmyō | Yutahito | [97] | |
1348 nepi ka 1351 | Emperor Sukō | Okihito | [98] | |
1351 nepi ka 1352 | Interregnum | |||
1352 nepi ka 1371 | Emperor Go-Kōgon | Iyahito | [99] | |
1371 nepi ka 1382 | Emperor Go-En'yū | Ohito | [100] | |
1382 nepi ka 1392 | Emperor Go-Komatsu | -- See 100 below -- reunified courts in 1392 [101] | ||
Periode Muromachi (1392-1573) | ||||
97 | 1339 nepi ka 1368 | Emperor Go-Murakami | Norinaga/Noriyoshi | [102] Southern Court |
98 | 1368 nepi ka 1383 | Emperor Chōkei | Yutanari | [103] Southern Court |
99 | 1383 nepi ka 1392 | Emperor Go-Kameyama | Hironari | [104] Southern Court |
100 | 1392 nepi ka 1412 | Emperor Go-Komatsu | Motohito | [105] |
101 | 1412 nepi ka 1428 | Emperor Shōkō | Mihito | [106] |
102 | 1428 nepi ka 1464 | Emperor Go-Hanazono | Hikohito | [107] |
103 | 1464 nepi ka 1500 | Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado | Fusahito | [108] |
104 | 1500 nepi ka 1526 | Emperor Go-Kashiwabara | Katsuhito | [109] |
105 | 1526 nepi ka 1557 | Emperor Go-Nara | Tomohito | [110] |
106 | 1557 nepi ka 1586 | Emperor Ōgimachi | Michihito | [111] |
107 | 1586 nepi ka 1611 | Emperor Go-Yōzei | Kazuhito/Katahito | [112] |
Periode Edo (1603-1867) | ||||
108 | 1611 nepi ka 1629 | Emperor Go-Mizunoo(a.k.a. Emperor Go-Minoo) | Kotohito | [113] |
109 | 1629 nepi ka 1643 | Empress Meishō | Okiko | [114] |
110 | 1643 nepi ka 1654 | Emperor Go-Kōmyō | Tsuguhito | [115] |
111 | 1655 nepi ka 1663 | Emperor Go-Sai | Nagahito | [116] |
112 | 1663 nepi ka 1687 | Emperor Reigen | Satohito | [117] |
113 | 1687 nepi ka 1709 | Emperor Higashiyama | Asahito | [118] |
114 | 1709 nepi ka 1735 | Emperor Nakamikado | Yasuhito | [119] |
115 | 1735 nepi ka 1747 | Emperor Sakuramachi | Teruhito | [120] |
116 | 1747 nepi ka 1762 | Emperor Momozono | Toohito | [121] |
117 | 1762 nepi ka 1771 | Empress Go-Sakuramachi | Toshiko | [122] |
118 | 1771 nepi ka 1779 | Emperor Go-Momozono | Hidehito | [123] |
119 | 1780 nepi ka 1817 | Emperor Kōkaku | Tomohito | [124] |
120 | 1817 nepi ka 1846 | Emperor Ninkō | Ayahito | [125] |
121 | 1846 nepi ka 1867 | Emperor Kōmei | Osahito | |
Jepang modérn (1868-kiwari) | ||||
122 | 1867 nepi ka 1912 | Emperor Meiji | Mutsuhito | First emperor in constitutional monarchy |
123 | 1912 nepi ka 1926 | Emperor Taishō | Yoshihito | |
124 | 1926 nepi ka 1989 | Kaisar Shōwa | Hirohito | Last emperor to hold political power |
125 | 1989 nepi ka 2019 | Kaisar Akihito | Akihito | Referred to as 'the Present Emperor' or Tenno Heika (i.e. His Majesty the Emperor) in Japanese and as Emperor Akihito in English. After his déath he will presumably be renamed Emperor Heisei. |
126 | 2019- | Naruhito | Naruhito |
Rujukan
[édit | édit sumber]- ↑ Brown, Delmer et al. (1979). Gukanshō, p. 249; Varley, Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki, pp. 84-88; Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, pp. 1-3.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 250-251; Varley, pp.88-89; Titisingh, pp. 3-4.
- ↑ a b Brown, p. 251; Varley, p. 89; Titsingh, p. 4.
- ↑ Brown, p. 251; Varley, p. 90; Titsingh, pp. 4-5.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 251-252; Varley, p. 90; Titsingh, p. 5.
- ↑ Brown, p. 252; Varley, pp. 90-92; Titsingh, pp. 5-6.
- ↑ Brown, p. 251; Varley, pp. 92-93; Titsingh, p. 6.
- ↑ Brown, p. 251; Varley, p. 93; Titsingh, pp. 6-7.
- ↑ Brown, p. 253; Varley, pp. 93-95; Titsingh, pp. 7-9.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 253-254; Varley, pp. 95-96; Titsingh, pp. 9-10.
- ↑ Brown, p. 254; Varley, pp. 96-99; Titsingh, pp. 11-14.
- ↑ Brown, p. 254; Varley, pp. 99-100; Titsingh, pp. 14-15.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 254-255; Varley, pp. 100-101; Titsingh, p. 15.
- ↑ Brown, p. 255; Varley, pp. 101-103; Titsingh, pp. 16-19.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 255-256; Varley, pp. 17, 103-110; Titsingh, pp. 19-21.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 256-257; Varley, pp. 110-111; Titsingh, pp. 22-24.
- ↑ Brown, p. 257; Varley, p. 111; Titsingh, pp. 24-25.
- ↑ Brown, p. 257; Varley, p. 112; Titsingh, p. 25.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 257-258; Varley, p. 112; Titsingh, p. 26.
- ↑ Brown, p. 258; Varley, p. 113; Titsingh, p. 26.
- ↑ Brown, p. 258; Varley, pp. 113-115; Titsingh, pp. 27-28.
- ↑ Brown, p. 258-259; Varley, pp. 115-116; Titsingh, pp. 28-29.
- ↑ Brown, p. 259; Varley, p. 116; Titsingh, pp. 29-30.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 259-260; Varley, p. 117; Titsingh, p. 30.
- ↑ Brown, p. 260; Varley, pp. 117-118; Titsingh, p. 31.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 260-261; Varley, pp. 17-18, 119-120; Titsingh, p. 31-32.
- ↑ Brown, p. 261; Varley, pp. 120-121; Brown, p. 261; Titsingh, p. 33.
- ↑ Brown, p. 261; Varley, p. 121; Titsingh, p. 33-34.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 261-262; Varley, pp. 123-124; Titsingh, p. 34-36.
- ↑ Varley, pp. 124-125; Brown, pp. 262-263; Titsingh, p. 36-37.
- ↑ Brown, p. 263; Varley, pp. 125-126; Titsingh, p. 37-38.
- ↑ Brown, p. 263; Varley, p. 126; Titsingh, p. 38-39.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 263-264; Varley, pp. 126-129; Titsingh, pp. 39-42.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 264-265; Varley, pp. 129-130; Titsingh, pp. 42-43.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 265-266; Varley, pp. 130-132; Titsingh, pp. 43-47.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 266-267; Varley, pp. 132-133; Titsingh, pp. 47-50.
- ↑ Brown, p. 267; Varley, pp. 133-134; Titsingh, pp. 50-52.
- ↑ Brown, p. 268; Varley, p. 135; Titsingh, pp. 52-56.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 268-269; Varley, pp. 135-136; Titsingh, pp. 56-58.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 268-269; Varley, pp. 135-136; Titsingh, pp. 58-59.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 269-270; Varley, pp. 136-137; Titsingh, pp. 59-60.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 270-271; Varley, pp. 137-140; Titsingh, pp. 60-63.
- ↑ Brown, p. 271; Varley, p. 140; Titsingh, pp. 63-65.
- ↑ Brown, p. 271-272; Varley, pp. 140-141; Titsingh, pp. 65-67.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 272-273; Varley, pp. 141-143; Titsingh, pp. 67-73.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 274-275; Varley, p. 143; Titsingh, pp. 73-75.
- ↑ Brown, p. 275; Varley, pp. 143-144; Titsingh, pp. 75-78.
- ↑ Brown, p. 276; Varley, pp. 144-147; Titsingh, pp. 78-81.
- ↑ Brown, p. 276-277; Varley, pp. 147-148; Titsingh, pp. 81-85.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 277-279; Varley, pp. 148-150; Titsingh, pp. 86-95.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 279-280; Varley, p. 151; Titsingh, pp. 96-97.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 280-282; Varley, pp. 151-164; Titsingh, pp. 97-102.
- ↑ Brown, p. 282-283; Varley, p. 164; Titsingh, pp. 103-106.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 283-284; Varley, pp. 164-165; Titsingh, pp. 106-112.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 285-286; Varley, p. 165; Titsingh, pp. 112-115.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 286-288; Varley, pp. 166-170; Titsingh, pp. 115-121.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 288-289; Varley, pp. 170-171; Titsingh, pp. 121-124.
- ↑ Brown, p. 289; Varley, pp. 171-175; Titsingh, pp. 124-125.
- ↑ Brown, p. 289-290; Varley, pp. 175-179; Titsingh, pp. 125-129.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 290-293; Varley, pp. 179-181; Titsingh, pp. 129-134.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 294-295; Varley, pp. 181-183; Titsingh, pp. 134-138.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 295-298; Varley, pp. 183-190; Titsingh, pp. 139-142.
- ↑ Brown, p. 298; Varley, pp. 190-191; Titsingh, pp. 142-143.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 299-300; Varley, pp. 191-192; Titsingh, pp. 144-148.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 300-302; Varley, p. 192; Titsingh, pp. 148-149.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 302-307; Varley, pp. 192-195; Titsingh, pp. 150-154.
- ↑ Brown, p. 307; Varley, p. 195; Titsingh, pp. 154-155.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 307-310; Varley, pp. 195-196; Titsingh, pp. 156-160.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 310-311; Varley, p. 197; Titsingh, pp. 160-162.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 311-314; Varley, pp. 197-198; Titsingh, pp. 162-166.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 314-315; Varley, pp. 198-199; Titsingh, pp. 166-168.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 315-317; Varley, pp. 199-202; Titsingh, pp. 169-171.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 317-320; Varley, p. 202; Titsingh, pp. 172-178.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 320-322; Varley, pp. 203-204; Titsingh, pp. 178-181.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 322-324; Varley, pp. 204-205; Titsingh, pp. 181-185.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 324-326; Varley, p. 205; Titsingh, pp. 186-188.
- ↑ Brown, p. 326-327; Varley, pp. 205-208; Titsingh, pp. 188-190.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 327-329; Varley, pp. 208-212; Titsingh, pp. 191-194.
- ↑ a b Brown, pp. 329-330; Varley, p. 212; Titsingh, pp. 194-195.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 333-334; Varley, pp. 214-215; Titsingh, pp. 200-207.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 334-339; Varley, pp. 215-220; Titsingh, pp. 207-221.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 339-341; Varley, pp 220; Titsingh, pp. 221-230.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 341-343, Varley, pp. 221-223; Titsingh, pp 230-238.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 343-344; Varley, pp. 223-226; Titsingh, pp. 236-238.
- ↑ Brown, pp. 344-349; Varley, pp. 226-227; Titsingh, pp. 238-241.
- ↑ Varley, p. 227; Titsingh, pp. 242-245.
- ↑ Varley, pp. 228-231; Titsingh, pp. 245-247.
- ↑ Varley, pp. 231-232; Titsingh, pp. 248-253.
- ↑ Varley, pp. 232-233; Titsingh, pp. 253-261.
- ↑ Varley, pp. 233-237; Titsingh, pp. 262-269.
- ↑ Varley, pp. 237-238; Titsingh, pp. 269-274.
- ↑ Varley, pp. 238-239; Titsingh, pp. 274-275.
- ↑ Varley, p. 239; Titsingh, pp. 275-278.
- ↑ Varley, pp. 239-241; Titsingh, pp. 278-281.
- ↑ Varley, pp. 241-269; Titsingh, pp. 281-286, and Titsingh, p. 290-294.
- ↑ Titsingh, p. 286-289.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 294-298.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 298-301.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 302-309.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 310-316.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 317- .
- ↑ Varley, pp. 269-270 | Titsingh, p. .
- ↑ Titsingh, p. .
- ↑ [Titsingh, p. ]-320.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 320-327.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 327-331.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 331-351.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 352-364.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 364-372.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 372-382.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 382-402.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 402-409.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 410-411.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 411-412.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 412-413.
- ↑ Titsingh, p. 413.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 414-415.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 415-416.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 416-417.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 417-418.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 418-419.
- ↑ Titsingh, p. 419.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 419-420.
- ↑ Titsingh, pp. 420-421.
- ↑ Titsingh, p. 421.
- Ackroyd, Joyce. (1982). [ Arai Hakuseki, 1712] Tokushi yoron; "Lessons from History: the Tokushi yoron" translated by Joynce Ackroyd. Brisbane: University of Queensland Press. 10-ISBN 0-702-21485-X; 13-ISBN 978-0-702-2148-5
- Brown, Delmer and Ichiro Ishida, eds. (1979). [ Jien, c.1220], Gukanshō; "The Future and the Past: a translation and study of the 'Gukanshō,' an interpretive history of Japan written in 1219" translated from the Japanese and edited by Delmer M. Brown & Ichirō Ishida. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-03460-0
- Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). [Siyun-sai Rin-siyo/Hayashi Gahō, 1652]. Nipon o daï itsi ran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon, tr. par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprétes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M. J. Klaproth. Paris: Oriental Translation Society of Great Britain and Ireland.... Click link for digitized, full-text copy of this book (in French)
- Varley, H. Paul , ed. (1980). [ Kitabatake Chikafusa, 1359], Jinnō Shōtōki ("A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa" translated by H. Paul Varley). New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-04940-4