Insinyur: Béda antarrépisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
m bot Miceun: en:Inženjer (missing), br:Engenheiro (missing) Ngarobih: hi:अभियन्ता |
m Ngarapihkeun éjahan, replaced: Kukituna → ku kituna, Kalolobaan → lolobana |
||
| Baris ka-5: | Baris ka-5: | ||
'''Insinyur''' nyaéta saurang nu kalatih atawa gawé dina [[rékayasa]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Dictionary.com|title=Engineer|work=The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English language, Fouth Edition, Houghton Mifflin Company |url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/engineer |year=2004|accessdate=2006-09-21}}</ref> Insinyur maké [[téknologi]], [[matématika]], sarta [[pangaweruh]] [[saintifik]] pikeun ngajawab [[problem|masalah-masalah]] téknis. Jalma nu gawé salaku insinyur biasana ngabogaan [[academic degree|tingkat akademis]] (atawa pangalaman gawé) dina salah sahiji [[fields of engineering|widang élmu rékayasa]].<ref>[http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/issuebrf/sib99318.htm Degrees and Occupations in Engineering: How Much Do They Diverge?] Issue Brief, NSF 99-318 December 31, 1998</ref> |
'''Insinyur''' nyaéta saurang nu kalatih atawa gawé dina [[rékayasa]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Dictionary.com|title=Engineer|work=The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English language, Fouth Edition, Houghton Mifflin Company |url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/engineer |year=2004|accessdate=2006-09-21}}</ref> Insinyur maké [[téknologi]], [[matématika]], sarta [[pangaweruh]] [[saintifik]] pikeun ngajawab [[problem|masalah-masalah]] téknis. Jalma nu gawé salaku insinyur biasana ngabogaan [[academic degree|tingkat akademis]] (atawa pangalaman gawé) dina salah sahiji [[fields of engineering|widang élmu rékayasa]].<ref>[http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/issuebrf/sib99318.htm Degrees and Occupations in Engineering: How Much Do They Diverge?] Issue Brief, NSF 99-318 December 31, 1998</ref> |
||
Insinyur jeung élmuwan sakapeung matak bingung jalma awam. |
Insinyur jeung élmuwan sakapeung matak bingung jalma awam. ku kituna ditegeskeun yén [[élmuwan]] mah gawéna ngambahan alam sangkan bisa manggihan prinsip-prinsip umumna, sabalikna insinyur nerapkeun prinsip-prinsip nu diwawarkeun tina matématika jeung [[sains]] pikeun nyieun jawaban praktis tur ékonomis tina masalah-masalah téknis.<ref>{{cite web|author=[[National Society of Professional Engineers]]|title=Frequently Asked Questions About Engineering |url=http://www.nspe.org/media/mr1-faqs.asp|accessdate=2006-09-21|year=2006}} ''Science is knowledge based on observed facts and tested truths arranged in an orderly system that can be validated and communicated to other people. Engineering is the creative application of scientific principles used to plan, build, direct, guide, manage, or work on systems to maintain and improve our daily lives.''</ref><ref name="bls">{{cite web|author=[[Bureau of Labor Statistics]], U.S. Department of Labor|title=Engineers|work=Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2006-07 Edition |url=http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos027.htm|accessdate=2006-09-21|year=2006}}</ref> Cindekna, élmuwan diajar (ti alam), insinyur mah nyieun atawa ngabangun barang-barang. Pagawéan insinyur minangka panyambung antara pangabutuh sosial nu karasa jeung aplikasi komérsial. Insinyur nimbang-nimbang loba hal nalika ngamekarkeun hiji produk. Contona, nalika mekarkeun hiji robot industri (robot pikeun kaperluan industri), insinyur sacara présisi nangtukeun sakabéh kaperluan fungsina, ngarancang jeung nguji komponén-kompónenna; ngahijikeun komponén-komponén éta sangkan jadi rancangan ahir; sarta mariksa éféktivitas rancangan, biaya, katahanan, jeung kasalametanana. Prosés ieu tumerap nalika mekarkeun rupa-rupa produk, contona kimiawi, [[komputer]], [[mesin]], [[kapal udara]], atawa [[cocooan]].<ref name="bls"/> |
||
Salian ti ngarancang jeung ngamekarkeun, loba insinyur nu gawéna dina widang uji, produksi, atawa miara produk. Insinyur-insinyur ieu nempoan produksi di pabrik-pabrik, nangtukeun sabab-sabab kasalahan komponén, sarta nguji barang-barang nu diproduksi sangkan kualitasna kajamin. Maranéhanana ogé ngira-ngira waktu jeung ongkos pikeun méréskeun hiji proyék. Sababaraha urang ogé gawé dina widang '''manajemén rékayasa''' atawa aya ogé nu widang dagang. Nalika dagang, kasang tukang salaku insinyur aya gunana dina ngabahas aspék-aspék téknis sarta ngabantu dina ngarencanakeun produk, nginstalasi, sarta makéna. 'Insinyur pangawas' ('''Supervisory engineers''') nganggung jawab bagian-bagian utama dina proyék.<ref name="bls"/> |
Salian ti ngarancang jeung ngamekarkeun, loba insinyur nu gawéna dina widang uji, produksi, atawa miara produk. Insinyur-insinyur ieu nempoan produksi di pabrik-pabrik, nangtukeun sabab-sabab kasalahan komponén, sarta nguji barang-barang nu diproduksi sangkan kualitasna kajamin. Maranéhanana ogé ngira-ngira waktu jeung ongkos pikeun méréskeun hiji proyék. Sababaraha urang ogé gawé dina widang '''manajemén rékayasa''' atawa aya ogé nu widang dagang. Nalika dagang, kasang tukang salaku insinyur aya gunana dina ngabahas aspék-aspék téknis sarta ngabantu dina ngarencanakeun produk, nginstalasi, sarta makéna. 'Insinyur pangawas' ('''Supervisory engineers''') nganggung jawab bagian-bagian utama dina proyék.<ref name="bls"/> |
||
Insinyur maké komputer sacara éksténsif pikeun mroduksi jeung nganalisis rancangan; pikeun [simulasi|nyimulasikeun] sarta nguji kumaha gawé hiji mesin, struktur, atawa sistem; sarta pikeun narataskeun spésifikasi komponén. Loba insinyur ogé nu maké komputer pikeun ngawas kualitas produk jeung ngadalikeun éfisiénsi prosés.<ref name="bls"/> |
Insinyur maké komputer sacara éksténsif pikeun mroduksi jeung nganalisis rancangan; pikeun [simulasi|nyimulasikeun] sarta nguji kumaha gawé hiji mesin, struktur, atawa sistem; sarta pikeun narataskeun spésifikasi komponén. Loba insinyur ogé nu maké komputer pikeun ngawas kualitas produk jeung ngadalikeun éfisiénsi prosés.<ref name="bls"/> |
||
| Baris ka-15: | Baris ka-15: | ||
Di sababaraha nagara di [[Éropa]] Daratan jeung [[Amérika Latin]], gelar insinyur diwatesan sacara hukum ngan pikeun jalma nu sakolana lulus ti jurusan rékayasa atawa téknik, jeung pamakéan gelar ieu ku nu lian téh (sanajan masagi ku pangalaman) dianggap ilégal. Di [[Italia]] salian ku nu lulus jurusan rékayasa, gelar ieu bisa dipaké ogé ku nu lulus ujian profési insinyur (''"Esame di Stato"''). Di [[Portugis]] gelar insinyur profésional sarta insinyur kaakréditasi diatur jeung disértifikasi ku ''[[Ordem dos Engenheiros]]''. Di [[Républik Céko]] gelar "insinyur" (Ing.) dianugrahkeun ogé ka nu lulus ti widang [[kimia]], téknik mesin, atawa malah ékonomi. Nu pangahirna ieu aya kénéh lantaran alesan sajarah jeung tradisi. |
Di sababaraha nagara di [[Éropa]] Daratan jeung [[Amérika Latin]], gelar insinyur diwatesan sacara hukum ngan pikeun jalma nu sakolana lulus ti jurusan rékayasa atawa téknik, jeung pamakéan gelar ieu ku nu lian téh (sanajan masagi ku pangalaman) dianggap ilégal. Di [[Italia]] salian ku nu lulus jurusan rékayasa, gelar ieu bisa dipaké ogé ku nu lulus ujian profési insinyur (''"Esame di Stato"''). Di [[Portugis]] gelar insinyur profésional sarta insinyur kaakréditasi diatur jeung disértifikasi ku ''[[Ordem dos Engenheiros]]''. Di [[Républik Céko]] gelar "insinyur" (Ing.) dianugrahkeun ogé ka nu lulus ti widang [[kimia]], téknik mesin, atawa malah ékonomi. Nu pangahirna ieu aya kénéh lantaran alesan sajarah jeung tradisi. |
||
Hukum-hukum di sakabéh nagara bagian [[Amérika Sarikat]], [[Kanada]], sarta di [[Afrika Kidul]] ngawatesan pamakéan sababaraha gelar insinyur, hususna "[[Insinyur Profésional]]", sarta sababaraha gelar insinyur nu husus, saperti "[[insinyur sipil]]" atawa "[[insinyur mesin]]". |
Hukum-hukum di sakabéh nagara bagian [[Amérika Sarikat]], [[Kanada]], sarta di [[Afrika Kidul]] ngawatesan pamakéan sababaraha gelar insinyur, hususna "[[Insinyur Profésional]]", sarta sababaraha gelar insinyur nu husus, saperti "[[insinyur sipil]]" atawa "[[insinyur mesin]]". lolobana nagara bagian di A.S. ngararang jalma nu teu boga ijasah nyebut dirina sorangan "insinyur" atawa spésialisasi nu henteu kawengku ku ijasah nu dipibogana. Di [[Kanada]], status legal samodél di A.S. ieu tacan diputuskeun. (See ''[[Insinyur Profésional]]'' ngarah leuwih écés). |
||
Kecap "[[téknolog]]" atawa "[[ahli téknologi]]" sakapeung di dipaké salaku 'saurang anu diajar téknologi'. Hal ieu bisa kapanggih di sababaraha nagara Éropa nu miboga hukum-hukum nu ngatur pamakéan gelar "insinyur". Ngan pédah ari di Inggris tur sababaraha nagara Éropa, istilah "téknolog" dipaké pikeun sértifikasi atawa régistrasi nu sarua jeung insinyur tapi fokusna lain dina hal ngararancang produk. Contona, saurang téknolog bisa fokus dina hal manajémen téknis, rékayasa manufaktur, atawa prakték-prakték insinyur terapan. Saurang téknolog bisa jadi pilihan nu leuwih alus ngeusian pagawéan nu merlukeun kabisa widang rékayasa terapan batan saurang insinyur nu gawéna ngadesain produk. Aturan ngeunaan gelar téknolog ieu diwengku ku Pasaluyuan Sydney anu ogé diaku ku Badan Rékayasa Inggris. Di Indonésia, gelar téknolog sarimbag pikeun lulusan sakola politéknik. |
Kecap "[[téknolog]]" atawa "[[ahli téknologi]]" sakapeung di dipaké salaku 'saurang anu diajar téknologi'. Hal ieu bisa kapanggih di sababaraha nagara Éropa nu miboga hukum-hukum nu ngatur pamakéan gelar "insinyur". Ngan pédah ari di Inggris tur sababaraha nagara Éropa, istilah "téknolog" dipaké pikeun sértifikasi atawa régistrasi nu sarua jeung insinyur tapi fokusna lain dina hal ngararancang produk. Contona, saurang téknolog bisa fokus dina hal manajémen téknis, rékayasa manufaktur, atawa prakték-prakték insinyur terapan. Saurang téknolog bisa jadi pilihan nu leuwih alus ngeusian pagawéan nu merlukeun kabisa widang rékayasa terapan batan saurang insinyur nu gawéna ngadesain produk. Aturan ngeunaan gelar téknolog ieu diwengku ku Pasaluyuan Sydney anu ogé diaku ku Badan Rékayasa Inggris. Di Indonésia, gelar téknolog sarimbag pikeun lulusan sakola politéknik. |
||
| Baris ka-21: | Baris ka-21: | ||
<!-- |
<!-- |
||
== Harti Séjénna == |
== Harti Séjénna == |
||
In Britain, the term 'engineer' is often mistakenly used to describe a technician or a person that mends and operates machinery. A notable example was on Page 8 of the 2001 UK Census Form, where one of the example job titles listed was "Television Service Engineer" (http://www.statistics.gov.uk/census2001/pdfs/engh1.pdf). (This is in contrast to mainland Europe, where engineering is seen as comparable to other professions such as medicine and architecture - see above.) Professional engineers registered with the [[Engineering Council UK]] have the exclusive right to the titles [[Chartered Engineer (UK)|Chartered Engineer]] and [[Incorporated engineer|Incorporated Engineer]]. These titles are only awarded after a rigorous formation including higher education, training and experience. |
In Britain, the term 'engineer' is often mistakenly used to describe a technician or a person that mends and operates machinery. A notable example was on Page 8 of the 2001 UK Census Form, where one of the example job titles listed was "Television Service Engineer" (http://www.statistics.gov.uk/census2001/pdfs/engh1.pdf). (This is in contrast to mainland Europe, where engineering is seen as comparable to other professions such as medicine and architecture - see above.) Professional engineers registered with the [[Engineering Council UK]] have the exclusive right to the titles [[Chartered Engineer (UK)|Chartered Engineer]] and [[Incorporated engineer|Incorporated Engineer]]. These titles are only awarded after a rigorous formation including higher education, training and experience. |
||
In the United States, the term "engineer" is also used to denote an operator of an [[engine]] of some sort, e.g., a [[railroad engineer]] denotes the operator of a [[locomotive]], a ship's engineer denotes the operator of the [[steam engine]] on a [[steamship]], and a [[International Union of Operating Engineers|stationary engineer]] is normally responsible for a [[stationary engine|stationary steam engine]]. Occasionally "title inflation" results in non-engineers holding jobs with "engineer" in the job title. For example, the term "field engineer" is often used to describe manufacturers' (or third party) supplied installers and/or maintainers of (complex) equipment at a user's site. However, they are not commonly degreed engineers. |
In the United States, the term "engineer" is also used to denote an operator of an [[engine]] of some sort, e.g., a [[railroad engineer]] denotes the operator of a [[locomotive]], a ship's engineer denotes the operator of the [[steam engine]] on a [[steamship]], and a [[International Union of Operating Engineers|stationary engineer]] is normally responsible for a [[stationary engine|stationary steam engine]]. Occasionally "title inflation" results in non-engineers holding jobs with "engineer" in the job title. For example, the term "field engineer" is often used to describe manufacturers' (or third party) supplied installers and/or maintainers of (complex) equipment at a user's site. However, they are not commonly degreed engineers. |
||
In [[firefighting]], the term "engineer" refers to a [[firefighter]] whose job is to drive the [[fire apparatus]] and, if it has an onboard water supply, to stay with the engine and operate the pumps so that the firefighters on the hose can have enough [[water]] to put out the [[fire]]. |
In [[firefighting]], the term "engineer" refers to a [[firefighter]] whose job is to drive the [[fire apparatus]] and, if it has an onboard water supply, to stay with the engine and operate the pumps so that the firefighters on the hose can have enough [[water]] to put out the [[fire]]. |
||
The term "engineer" may also be used to describe holders of some forms of [[professional certification]] other than university degrees, such as (but not limited to) [[Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer]], [[Certified Novell Engineer]], [[Red Hat Certified Engineer]] and so on. |
The term "engineer" may also be used to describe holders of some forms of [[professional certification]] other than university degrees, such as (but not limited to) [[Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer]], [[Certified Novell Engineer]], [[Red Hat Certified Engineer]] and so on. |
||
In Canada, the usage of the term "engineer" to describe holders of professional certification is not legally permitted. The [[Canadian Council of Professional Engineers]] mounted an extended campaign to get [[Microsoft]] to renounce use of the word "engineer" in the title of their certification.<ref>{{cite web|last=Canadian Council of Professional Engineers|title=MCSE is NOT an Engineer in Canada! |
In Canada, the usage of the term "engineer" to describe holders of professional certification is not legally permitted. The [[Canadian Council of Professional Engineers]] mounted an extended campaign to get [[Microsoft]] to renounce use of the word "engineer" in the title of their certification.<ref>{{cite web|last=Canadian Council of Professional Engineers|title=MCSE is NOT an Engineer in Canada! |
||
| Baris ka-37: | Baris ka-37: | ||
===Insinyur Militér=== |
===Insinyur Militér=== |
||
Saurang [[insinyur militér]] dina [[army|kasatuan soldadu]] nyaéta saurang anggota militér anu nanggung jawab pikeun ngarancang jeung ngonstruksi pakarang perang, sarta ngaruksak pakarang musuh dina kondisi perang, boh nu sipatna ofénsif atawa défénsif. Istilah ieu dipaké dina unit-unit militér sakuliah dunya sarta ti saprak jaman kuna. Di jaman ayeuna, istilah ieu ngawengku ogé nu nempatkeun jeung ngalindeukkeun [[ranjau]] jeung ''[[booby trap]]''. |
Saurang [[insinyur militér]] dina [[army|kasatuan soldadu]] nyaéta saurang anggota militér anu nanggung jawab pikeun ngarancang jeung ngonstruksi pakarang perang, sarta ngaruksak pakarang musuh dina kondisi perang, boh nu sipatna ofénsif atawa défénsif. Istilah ieu dipaké dina unit-unit militér sakuliah dunya sarta ti saprak jaman kuna. Di jaman ayeuna, istilah ieu ngawengku ogé nu nempatkeun jeung ngalindeukkeun [[ranjau]] jeung ''[[booby trap]]''. |
||
Pagawé rékayasa di kapal-kapal gedé sarta palayar téknik sénior disebutna "Insinyur Kepala". Di kapal-kapal nu leuwih leutik tanpa pagawé rékayasa, insinyur kepala jadi lulugu dina departémén rékayasa. Jabatan ieu dina angkatan laut A.S. biasa disingget "the CHENG" (tina: ''Chief Engineer''). Kitu ogé di angkatan laut Inggris. |
Pagawé rékayasa di kapal-kapal gedé sarta palayar téknik sénior disebutna "Insinyur Kepala". Di kapal-kapal nu leuwih leutik tanpa pagawé rékayasa, insinyur kepala jadi lulugu dina departémén rékayasa. Jabatan ieu dina angkatan laut A.S. biasa disingget "the CHENG" (tina: ''Chief Engineer''). Kitu ogé di angkatan laut Inggris. |
||
| Baris ka-88: | Baris ka-88: | ||
{{Technology}} |
{{Technology}} |
||
[[ |
[[Kategori:Disiplin téhnik]] |
||
[[ |
[[Kategori:Insinyur]] |
||
[[ |
[[Kategori:Profési]] |
||
[[ |
[[Kategori:Pagawéan]] |
||
[[ |
[[Kategori:Pagawéan kaélmuan]] |
||
[[cs:Inženýr]] |
[[cs:Inženýr]] |
||
[[da:Ingeniør]] |
[[da:Ingeniør]] |
||
[[de:Ingenieur]] |
[[de:Ingenieur]] |
||
| ⚫ | |||
[[eo:Inĝeniero]] |
[[eo:Inĝeniero]] |
||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
[[fr:Ingénieur]] |
[[fr:Ingénieur]] |
||
| ⚫ | |||
[[hi:अभियन्ता]] |
[[hi:अभियन्ता]] |
||
[[id:Insinyur]] |
[[id:Insinyur]] |
||
[[it:Ingegnere]] |
[[it:Ingegnere]] |
||
| ⚫ | |||
[[nl:Ingenieur]] |
|||
[[ja:技術者]] |
[[ja:技術者]] |
||
[[ |
[[nl:Ingenieur]] |
||
[[nn:Ingeniør]] |
[[nn:Ingeniør]] |
||
[[no:Ingeniør]] |
|||
[[pl:Inżynier]] |
[[pl:Inżynier]] |
||
[[pt:Engenheiro]] |
[[pt:Engenheiro]] |
||
| Baris ka-114: | Baris ka-115: | ||
[[simple:Engineer]] |
[[simple:Engineer]] |
||
[[sr:Инжењер]] |
[[sr:Инжењер]] |
||
[[tr:Mühendis]] |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
[[sv:Ingenjör]] |
[[sv:Ingenjör]] |
||
[[th:วิศวกร]] |
[[th:วิศวกร]] |
||
[[ |
[[tr:Mühendis]] |
||
[[uk:Інженер]] |
[[uk:Інженер]] |
||
[[vi:Kỹ sư]] |
|||
[[zh:工程师]] |
[[zh:工程师]] |
||
Révisi nurutkeun 14 Pébruari 2017 04.07
- Pikeun the British rock band Engineers, tempo Engineers (band).
- Pikeun the Indian air marshal, tempo Aspy Engineer.
Insinyur nyaéta saurang nu kalatih atawa gawé dina rékayasa.[1] Insinyur maké téknologi, matématika, sarta pangaweruh saintifik pikeun ngajawab masalah-masalah téknis. Jalma nu gawé salaku insinyur biasana ngabogaan tingkat akademis (atawa pangalaman gawé) dina salah sahiji widang élmu rékayasa.[2]
Insinyur jeung élmuwan sakapeung matak bingung jalma awam. ku kituna ditegeskeun yén élmuwan mah gawéna ngambahan alam sangkan bisa manggihan prinsip-prinsip umumna, sabalikna insinyur nerapkeun prinsip-prinsip nu diwawarkeun tina matématika jeung sains pikeun nyieun jawaban praktis tur ékonomis tina masalah-masalah téknis.[3][4] Cindekna, élmuwan diajar (ti alam), insinyur mah nyieun atawa ngabangun barang-barang. Pagawéan insinyur minangka panyambung antara pangabutuh sosial nu karasa jeung aplikasi komérsial. Insinyur nimbang-nimbang loba hal nalika ngamekarkeun hiji produk. Contona, nalika mekarkeun hiji robot industri (robot pikeun kaperluan industri), insinyur sacara présisi nangtukeun sakabéh kaperluan fungsina, ngarancang jeung nguji komponén-kompónenna; ngahijikeun komponén-komponén éta sangkan jadi rancangan ahir; sarta mariksa éféktivitas rancangan, biaya, katahanan, jeung kasalametanana. Prosés ieu tumerap nalika mekarkeun rupa-rupa produk, contona kimiawi, komputer, mesin, kapal udara, atawa cocooan.[4]
Salian ti ngarancang jeung ngamekarkeun, loba insinyur nu gawéna dina widang uji, produksi, atawa miara produk. Insinyur-insinyur ieu nempoan produksi di pabrik-pabrik, nangtukeun sabab-sabab kasalahan komponén, sarta nguji barang-barang nu diproduksi sangkan kualitasna kajamin. Maranéhanana ogé ngira-ngira waktu jeung ongkos pikeun méréskeun hiji proyék. Sababaraha urang ogé gawé dina widang manajemén rékayasa atawa aya ogé nu widang dagang. Nalika dagang, kasang tukang salaku insinyur aya gunana dina ngabahas aspék-aspék téknis sarta ngabantu dina ngarencanakeun produk, nginstalasi, sarta makéna. 'Insinyur pangawas' (Supervisory engineers) nganggung jawab bagian-bagian utama dina proyék.[4]
Insinyur maké komputer sacara éksténsif pikeun mroduksi jeung nganalisis rancangan; pikeun [simulasi|nyimulasikeun] sarta nguji kumaha gawé hiji mesin, struktur, atawa sistem; sarta pikeun narataskeun spésifikasi komponén. Loba insinyur ogé nu maké komputer pikeun ngawas kualitas produk jeung ngadalikeun éfisiénsi prosés.[4]
Gelar "Insinyur"
Di sababaraha nagara di Éropa Daratan jeung Amérika Latin, gelar insinyur diwatesan sacara hukum ngan pikeun jalma nu sakolana lulus ti jurusan rékayasa atawa téknik, jeung pamakéan gelar ieu ku nu lian téh (sanajan masagi ku pangalaman) dianggap ilégal. Di Italia salian ku nu lulus jurusan rékayasa, gelar ieu bisa dipaké ogé ku nu lulus ujian profési insinyur ("Esame di Stato"). Di Portugis gelar insinyur profésional sarta insinyur kaakréditasi diatur jeung disértifikasi ku Ordem dos Engenheiros. Di Républik Céko gelar "insinyur" (Ing.) dianugrahkeun ogé ka nu lulus ti widang kimia, téknik mesin, atawa malah ékonomi. Nu pangahirna ieu aya kénéh lantaran alesan sajarah jeung tradisi.
Hukum-hukum di sakabéh nagara bagian Amérika Sarikat, Kanada, sarta di Afrika Kidul ngawatesan pamakéan sababaraha gelar insinyur, hususna "Insinyur Profésional", sarta sababaraha gelar insinyur nu husus, saperti "insinyur sipil" atawa "insinyur mesin". lolobana nagara bagian di A.S. ngararang jalma nu teu boga ijasah nyebut dirina sorangan "insinyur" atawa spésialisasi nu henteu kawengku ku ijasah nu dipibogana. Di Kanada, status legal samodél di A.S. ieu tacan diputuskeun. (See Insinyur Profésional ngarah leuwih écés).
Kecap "téknolog" atawa "ahli téknologi" sakapeung di dipaké salaku 'saurang anu diajar téknologi'. Hal ieu bisa kapanggih di sababaraha nagara Éropa nu miboga hukum-hukum nu ngatur pamakéan gelar "insinyur". Ngan pédah ari di Inggris tur sababaraha nagara Éropa, istilah "téknolog" dipaké pikeun sértifikasi atawa régistrasi nu sarua jeung insinyur tapi fokusna lain dina hal ngararancang produk. Contona, saurang téknolog bisa fokus dina hal manajémen téknis, rékayasa manufaktur, atawa prakték-prakték insinyur terapan. Saurang téknolog bisa jadi pilihan nu leuwih alus ngeusian pagawéan nu merlukeun kabisa widang rékayasa terapan batan saurang insinyur nu gawéna ngadesain produk. Aturan ngeunaan gelar téknolog ieu diwengku ku Pasaluyuan Sydney anu ogé diaku ku Badan Rékayasa Inggris. Di Indonésia, gelar téknolog sarimbag pikeun lulusan sakola politéknik.
Insinyur Militér
Saurang insinyur militér dina kasatuan soldadu nyaéta saurang anggota militér anu nanggung jawab pikeun ngarancang jeung ngonstruksi pakarang perang, sarta ngaruksak pakarang musuh dina kondisi perang, boh nu sipatna ofénsif atawa défénsif. Istilah ieu dipaké dina unit-unit militér sakuliah dunya sarta ti saprak jaman kuna. Di jaman ayeuna, istilah ieu ngawengku ogé nu nempatkeun jeung ngalindeukkeun ranjau jeung booby trap.
Pagawé rékayasa di kapal-kapal gedé sarta palayar téknik sénior disebutna "Insinyur Kepala". Di kapal-kapal nu leuwih leutik tanpa pagawé rékayasa, insinyur kepala jadi lulugu dina departémén rékayasa. Jabatan ieu dina angkatan laut A.S. biasa disingget "the CHENG" (tina: Chief Engineer). Kitu ogé di angkatan laut Inggris.
 |
Artikel ieu keur dikeureuyeuh, ditarjamahkeun tina basa Inggris. Bantuanna didagoan pikeun narjamahkeun. |
See also
Lists of notable engineers by discipline
- List of aerospace engineers
- List of chemical engineers
- List of civil engineers
- List of electrical engineers
- List of industrial engineers
- List of materials engineers
- List of mechanical engineers
- List of structural engineers
- List of systems engineers
- List of environmental engineers
- List of genetic engineers
- List of nuclear engineers
- List of architects
- List of inventors
- List of urban planners
- List of heroic fictional scientists and engineers
Licensing and registration
Rujukan
- ↑ Dictionary.com (2004). "Engineer". The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English language, Fouth Edition, Houghton Mifflin Company. Diakses tanggal 2006-09-21.
- ↑ Degrees and Occupations in Engineering: How Much Do They Diverge? Issue Brief, NSF 99-318 December 31, 1998
- ↑ National Society of Professional Engineers (2006). "Frequently Asked Questions About Engineering". Diakses tanggal 2006-09-21. Science is knowledge based on observed facts and tested truths arranged in an orderly system that can be validated and communicated to other people. Engineering is the creative application of scientific principles used to plan, build, direct, guide, manage, or work on systems to maintain and improve our daily lives.
- ↑ a b c d Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor (2006). "Engineers". Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2006-07 Edition. Diakses tanggal 2006-09-21.
Tumbu luar
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||