Insinyur: Béda antarrépisi
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DiN (obrolan | kontribusi) Kaca anyar: {{For|the British rock band Engineers|Engineers (band)}} {{For|the Indian air marshal|Aspy Engineer}} {{tarjamahkeun|Inggris}} [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Engineer&oldid=... |
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{{For|the British rock band Engineers|Engineers (band)}} |
{{For|the British rock band Engineers|Engineers (band)}} |
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{{For|the Indian air marshal|Aspy Engineer}} |
{{For|the Indian air marshal|Aspy Engineer}} |
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{{tarjamahkeun|Inggris}} |
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{{wiktionarypar|engineer}} |
{{wiktionarypar|engineer}} |
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'''Insinyur''' nyaéta saurang nu kalatih atawa gawé dina [[rékayasa]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Dictionary.com|title=Engineer|work=The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English language, Fouth Edition, Houghton Mifflin Company |url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/engineer |year=2004|accessdate=2006-09-21}}</ref> Insinyur maké [[téknologi]], [[matématika]], sarta [[pangaweruh]] [[saintifik]] pikeun ngajawab [[problem|masalah-masalah]] téknis. Jalma nu gawé salaku insinyur biasana ngabogaan [[academic degree|tingkat akademis]] (atawa pangalaman gawé) dina salah sahiji[[fields of engineering|widang élmu rékayasa]].<ref>[http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/issuebrf/sib99318.htm Degrees and Occupations in Engineering: How Much Do They Diverge?] Issue Brief, NSF 99-318 December 31, 1998</ref> |
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| ⚫ | Insinyur jeung élmuwan sakapeung matak bingung jalma awam. Kukituna ditegeskeun yén [[élmuwan]] mah gawéna ngambahan alam sangkan bisa manggihan prinsip-prinsip umumna, sabalikna insinyur nerapkeun prinsip-prinsip nu diwawarkeun tina matématika jeung [[sains]] pikeun nyieun jawaban praktis tur ékonomis tina masalah-masalah téknis.<ref>{{cite web|author=[[National Society of Professional Engineers]]|title=Frequently Asked Questions About Engineering |url=http://www.nspe.org/media/mr1-faqs.asp|accessdate=2006-09-21|year=2006}} ''Science is knowledge based on observed facts and tested truths arranged in an orderly system that can be validated and communicated to other people. Engineering is the creative application of scientific principles used to plan, build, direct, guide, manage, or work on systems to maintain and improve our daily lives.''</ref><ref name="bls">{{cite web|author=[[Bureau of Labor Statistics]], U.S. Department of Labor|title=Engineers|work=Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2006-07 Edition |url=http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos027.htm|accessdate=2006-09-21|year=2006}}</ref> Cindekna, élmuwan diajar (ti alam), insinyur mah nyieun atawa ngabangun barang-barang. Pagawéan insinyur minangka panyambung antara pangabutuh sosial nu karasa jeung aplikasi komérsial. Insinyur nimbang-nimbang loba hal nalika ngamekarkeun hiji produk. Contona, nalika mekarkeun hiji robot industri (robot pikeun kaperluan industri), insinyur sacara présisi nangtukeun sakabéh kaperluan fungsina, ngarancang jeung nguji komponén-kompónenna; ngahijikeun komponén-komponén éta sangkan jadi rancangan ahir; sarta mariksa éféktivitas rancangan, biaya, katahanan, jeung kasalametanana. Prosés ieu tumerap nalika mekarkeun rupa-rupa produk, contona kimiawi, [[komputer]], [[mesin]], [[kapal udara]], atawa [[cocooan]].<ref name="bls"/> |
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== Working as an engineer == |
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Salian ti ngarancang jeung ngamekarkeun, loba insinyur nu gawéna dina widang uji, produksi, atawa miara produk. Insinyur-insinyur ieu nempoan produksi di pabrik-pabrik, nangtukeun sabab-sabab kasalahan komponén, sarta nguji barang-barang nu diproduksi sangkan kualitasna kajamin. Maranéhanana ogé ngira-ngira waktu jeung ongkos pikeun méréskeun hiji proyék. Sababaraha urang ogé gawé dina widang '''manajemén rékayasa''' atawa ngadagangkeun. Nalika dagang, kasang tukang salaku insinyur aya gunana dina ngabahas aspék-aspék téknis sarta ngabantu dina ngarencanakeun produk, nginstalasi, sarta makéna. 'Insinyur pangawas' ('''Supervisory engineers''') nganggung jawab bagian-bagian utama dina proyék.<ref name="bls"/> |
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In addition to design and development, many engineers work in testing, production, or maintenance. These engineers supervise production in factories, determine the causes of component failure, and test manufactured products to maintain quality. They also estimate the time and cost to complete projects. Some move into '''engineering management''' or into sales. In sales, an engineering background enables them to discuss technical aspects and assist in product planning, installation, and use. '''Supervisory engineers''' are responsible for major components or entire projects.<ref name="bls"/> |
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Insinyur maké komputer sacara éksténsif pikeun mroduksi jeung nganalisis rancangan; pikeun [simulasi|nyimulasikeun] sarta nguji kumaha gawé hiji mesin, struktur, atawa sistem; sarta pikeun narataskeun spésifikasi komponén. Loba insinyur ogé nu maké komputer pikeun ngawas kualitas produk jeung ngadalikeun éfisiénsi prosés.<ref name="bls"/> |
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Engineers use computers extensively to produce and analyze designs; to simulate and test how a machine, structure, or system operates; and to generate specifications for parts. Many engineers also use computers to monitor product quality and control process efficiency.<ref name="bls"/> |
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== "Engineer" as a title == |
== "Engineer" as a title == |
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In some countries of [[Continental Europe]] and Latin America the title is limited by law to people with an engineering degree, and the use of the title by others (even persons with much work experience) is illegal. In [[Italy]] the title is limited to people who, besides holding an engineering degree, have passed a professional abilitation exam (Esame di Stato). In [[Portugal]], professional engineer titles and accredited engineering degrees are regulated and certified by the ''[[Ordem dos Engenheiros]]''. In the [[Czech Republic]] the title "engineer" (Ing.) is given to people with a degree in chemistry, mechanical engineering or even economics (the last one is due to the historical reasons and tradition). |
In some countries of [[Continental Europe]] and Latin America the title is limited by law to people with an engineering degree, and the use of the title by others (even persons with much work experience) is illegal. In [[Italy]] the title is limited to people who, besides holding an engineering degree, have passed a professional abilitation exam (Esame di Stato). In [[Portugal]], professional engineer titles and accredited engineering degrees are regulated and certified by the ''[[Ordem dos Engenheiros]]''. In the [[Czech Republic]] the title "engineer" (Ing.) is given to people with a degree in chemistry, mechanical engineering or even economics (the last one is due to the historical reasons and tradition). |
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In the British Merchant Navy, the Chief Engineer is a rank equivalent to the Senior Engineering Officer on a US ship. |
In the British Merchant Navy, the Chief Engineer is a rank equivalent to the Senior Engineering Officer on a US ship. |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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Révisi nurutkeun 3 Désémber 2007 15.59
- Pikeun the British rock band Engineers, tempo Engineers (band).
- Pikeun the Indian air marshal, tempo Aspy Engineer.
Insinyur nyaéta saurang nu kalatih atawa gawé dina rékayasa.[1] Insinyur maké téknologi, matématika, sarta pangaweruh saintifik pikeun ngajawab masalah-masalah téknis. Jalma nu gawé salaku insinyur biasana ngabogaan tingkat akademis (atawa pangalaman gawé) dina salah sahijiwidang élmu rékayasa.[2]
Insinyur jeung élmuwan sakapeung matak bingung jalma awam. Kukituna ditegeskeun yén élmuwan mah gawéna ngambahan alam sangkan bisa manggihan prinsip-prinsip umumna, sabalikna insinyur nerapkeun prinsip-prinsip nu diwawarkeun tina matématika jeung sains pikeun nyieun jawaban praktis tur ékonomis tina masalah-masalah téknis.[3][4] Cindekna, élmuwan diajar (ti alam), insinyur mah nyieun atawa ngabangun barang-barang. Pagawéan insinyur minangka panyambung antara pangabutuh sosial nu karasa jeung aplikasi komérsial. Insinyur nimbang-nimbang loba hal nalika ngamekarkeun hiji produk. Contona, nalika mekarkeun hiji robot industri (robot pikeun kaperluan industri), insinyur sacara présisi nangtukeun sakabéh kaperluan fungsina, ngarancang jeung nguji komponén-kompónenna; ngahijikeun komponén-komponén éta sangkan jadi rancangan ahir; sarta mariksa éféktivitas rancangan, biaya, katahanan, jeung kasalametanana. Prosés ieu tumerap nalika mekarkeun rupa-rupa produk, contona kimiawi, komputer, mesin, kapal udara, atawa cocooan.[4]
Salian ti ngarancang jeung ngamekarkeun, loba insinyur nu gawéna dina widang uji, produksi, atawa miara produk. Insinyur-insinyur ieu nempoan produksi di pabrik-pabrik, nangtukeun sabab-sabab kasalahan komponén, sarta nguji barang-barang nu diproduksi sangkan kualitasna kajamin. Maranéhanana ogé ngira-ngira waktu jeung ongkos pikeun méréskeun hiji proyék. Sababaraha urang ogé gawé dina widang manajemén rékayasa atawa ngadagangkeun. Nalika dagang, kasang tukang salaku insinyur aya gunana dina ngabahas aspék-aspék téknis sarta ngabantu dina ngarencanakeun produk, nginstalasi, sarta makéna. 'Insinyur pangawas' (Supervisory engineers) nganggung jawab bagian-bagian utama dina proyék.[4]
Insinyur maké komputer sacara éksténsif pikeun mroduksi jeung nganalisis rancangan; pikeun [simulasi|nyimulasikeun] sarta nguji kumaha gawé hiji mesin, struktur, atawa sistem; sarta pikeun narataskeun spésifikasi komponén. Loba insinyur ogé nu maké komputer pikeun ngawas kualitas produk jeung ngadalikeun éfisiénsi prosés.[4]
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Artikel ieu keur dikeureuyeuh, ditarjamahkeun tina basa Inggris. Bantuanna didagoan pikeun narjamahkeun. |
See also
Lists of notable engineers by discipline
- List of aerospace engineers
- List of chemical engineers
- List of civil engineers
- List of electrical engineers
- List of industrial engineers
- List of materials engineers
- List of mechanical engineers
- List of structural engineers
- List of systems engineers
- List of environmental engineers
- List of genetic engineers
- List of nuclear engineers
- List of architects
- List of inventors
- List of urban planners
- List of heroic fictional scientists and engineers
Licensing and registration
References
- ↑ Dictionary.com (2004). "Engineer". The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English language, Fouth Edition, Houghton Mifflin Company. Diakses tanggal 2006-09-21.
- ↑ Degrees and Occupations in Engineering: How Much Do They Diverge? Issue Brief, NSF 99-318 December 31, 1998
- ↑ National Society of Professional Engineers (2006). "Frequently Asked Questions About Engineering". Diakses tanggal 2006-09-21. Science is knowledge based on observed facts and tested truths arranged in an orderly system that can be validated and communicated to other people. Engineering is the creative application of scientific principles used to plan, build, direct, guide, manage, or work on systems to maintain and improve our daily lives.
- ↑ a b c d Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor (2006). "Engineers". Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2006-07 Edition. Diakses tanggal 2006-09-21.
External links
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