Pakistan

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Bandéra	Lambang Nagara

Motto: Ittehad, Tanzim, Yaqeen-e-Muhkam (Urdu)
"Kesatuan, Disiplin jeung Kayakinan"

Lagu: "Qaumi Tarana"

Ibukota

Islamabad
¹) 33°40′N 73°10′E

Kota panggedéna

Karachi

Basa resmi Urdu, Inggris, Arab

Pamaréntahan

Républik

- Présidén Mamnoon Hussain

- Perdana Mentri Mian Nawaz Sharif

Ngadeg

- Merdika ti United Kingdom

- Didéklarasikeun 14 Agustus 1947

- Républik Islam 23 Maret 1956

Wewengkon

- Total 803,940¹ km² (ka-36)

310,403¹ sq mi

- Cai (%) 3.1

Populasi

- Perkiraan taun 2007 156,770,000^[1] (ka-6)

- Kapadetan 206/km² (ka-53)
534/sq mi

GDP (PPP) 2007 (éstimasi)

- Total $475.6 miliar (ka-25)

- Perkapita $3,004.5 (ka-128)

HDI (2006) 0.539 (ka-134) – sedeng

Mata uang Rupee (Rs.) (PKR)

Wewengkon wanci PST (UTC+5)

- Summer (DST) teu ditalungtik (UTC+6)

Internét TLD

.pk

Kode telepon +92

Pakistan (Basa Urdu: اسلامی جمہوریۂ پاکستان), ngaran resmina Républik Islam Pakistan nyaéta nagara républik di Asia Kidul, nu mangrupa tempat papanggihna wewengkon Asia Kidul jeung Asia Tengah sarta Wétan Tengah.^[2]^[3] Nagara ieu mibanda 1,046 kilométer gari basisir sapanjang Sagara Arabia di béh kidul, diwawatesan ku Afganistan jeung Iran di béh kulon, India di béh wétan sarta Tiongkok jauh di béh wétan kaléreunana.^[4]

Pakistan mangrupa nagara pangpadetna kagenep di dunya sarta mangrupa nagara mayoritas Islam nu kadua pangpadetna. Wewengkonna mangrupa bagéan India Britania samemeh dibagi-bagi sarta mibanda sajarah pakampungan jeung peradaban nu panjang salila Peradaban Léngkob Indus. lolobana tina wewengkon nu aya kiwari beunang ku Pérsia jeung Yunani dina Milénium ka-1 SM sarta diatur ku maranéhannana salila sawatara abad. Keur sesa sajarahna, wewengkon ieu mangrupa bagéan tina karajaan India nu lega atawa di sahadapeun pupuhu lokal atawa regional. Nu datang jeung ngawasana satuluyna aya urang Arab, Afganistan, Turki, Baloch jeung Mongol. Wewengkon ieu asup kana India Britania dina abad ka-19. Tii saprak merdika, nagara ieu geus ngalaman dua périodeu tumuwuhna militer jeung ekonomi nu penting, sarta périodeu nu henteu stabil, ku ayana kaluarna Pakistan Wétan (kiwari Bangladésh).

Tempo ogé

Wétan Tengah nu Agung

Rujukan

↑ Perkiraan Survey Ekonomi Pakistan 2006-2007, ku Kamentrian Keuangan Archived 2007-08-08 di Wayback Machine
↑ Encarta Encyclopedia - Pakistan Archived 2008-03-06 di Wayback Machine
↑ Middle East Institute: Pakistan Archived 2007-09-28 di Wayback Machine
↑ The Kashmir region is claimed by India and Pakistan. Both countries and China separately administer parts of the region with the Indian and Pakistani held areas defined by the Line of Control. The Pakistani-Chinese border is not recognized by India.

Rujukan tambahan

Cohen, Stephen P. The Idéa of Pakistan. The Brookings Institution. November 2004. ISBN 0-8157-1502-1.
Banuazizi, Ali and Weiner, Myron. The State, Religion, and Ethnic Politics: Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan. Syracuse University Press. August 1988. ISBN 0-8156-2448-4.
Halliday, Fred. State and Idéology in the Middle éast and Pakistan. Monthly Review Pr. Feb 1998. ISBN 0-85345-734-4.
Hammond Incorporated. Hammond Gréater Middle éast Region: Including Afghanistan, Pakistan, Libya, and Turkey. American Map Corporation. August 2002. ISBN 0-8437-1827-7.
Hilton, Isabel. "Letter from Pakistan: The Pashtun Code". The New Yorker. December 03, 2001. [1]
Insight Guides, Halliday, Tony and Ikram, Tahir. Insight Guide Pakistan. Apa Productions. January 1998. ISBN 0-88729-736-6.

Malik, Hafeez. Pakistan: Founders' Aspirations and Today's réalities. Oxford University Press, USA. May 2001. ISBN 0-19-579333-1.

Malik, Iftikhar H. "Religious Minorities in Pakistan". Minority Rights Group International. September 2002. ISBN 1-897693-69-9. [2] Archived 2007-06-04 di Wayback Machine

Najim, Adil. "Pakistan and Democracy". The News International Pakistan. May 06, 2004. [3] Archived 2006-06-28 di Wayback Machine

Rooney, John. Shadows in the dark: A history of Christianity in Pakistan up to the 10th century. Christian Study Centre. January 1984. OCLC 12177250.

Rahman, Tariq.1996. Language and Politics in Pakistan Karachi: Oxford University Press. Reprinted several times, latest repr. 2006.

Rahman, Tariq .2002. Language, Ideology and Power: Language-learning Among the Muslims of Pakistan and North India Karachi: OUP.

Rahman, Tariq .2004. Denizens of Alien Worlds: A Study of Education, Inequality and Polarization in Pakistan Karachi: OUP, 2006 repr.

Sharif, Shuja. "Musharraf's Administration And Pakistan's Economy". Contemporary Review. Mar 31, 2005. 129–134.

Wolpert, Stanley. Jinnah of Pakistan. Oxford University Press, USA. May 1984. ISBN 0-19-503412-0.

Zakaria, Rafiq. The Man Who Divided India: An Insight into Jinnah’s Léadership and its Aftermath

Statehood in South Asia Archived 2008-05-29 di Wayback Machine

Strategic Insights, Volume III, Issue 10 (October 2004) https://paknews.buzz/